Sodium cyclamate is a chemical compound, the sodium salt of cyclamic acid produced by chemical synthesis with cyclohexane and sulphamic acid as raw materials.

The name describes the structure of the molecule

• Sodium indicates the presence of sodium ions (Na).  In the context of sweeteners, sodium is used to form salts with organic compounds.
• Cyclamate is an organic compound known for its sweetening properties that is many times sweeter than table sugar (sucrose) but has a lower calorie contribution.

Raw materials used in production.

• Cyclohexane - Cyclohexane is a cyclic hydrocarbon used as a raw material in the synthesis of sodium cyclamate.
• Sulfamic Acid - Sulfamic acid is a chemical substance used in the synthesis reaction to produce sodium cyclamate.

Step-by-step summary of industrial chemical synthesis process

• Preparation of Raw Materials - Cyclohexane and sulfamic acid are prepared and purified as raw materials.
• Synthesis of Sodium Cyclamate - Cyclohexane and sulfamic acid are reacted in a controlled chemical reaction to produce sodium cyclamate. This chemical reaction involves the formation of a bond between sulfamic acid and cyclohexane, creating the chemical structure of sodium cyclamate.
• Crystallization and Purification - The resulting sodium cyclamate is crystallized and purified to remove impurities and obtain the final product.

 Sodium cyclamate is typically available in the form of white crystals or powder.

What it is used for and where

Sodium Cyclamate is commonly used in foods and beverages as a sugar substitute to reduce calorie intake. It is particularly popular in diet and diabetic products. However, the use of sodium cyclamate is subject to regulation and restrictions in some countries due to safety concerns.

Food

Ingredient included in the list of European food additives as  E952

Used as a non-nutritive sweetener with a sweetening capacity of 30 to 50 times more than sugar in a wide variety of food products: Bakery products, Desserts, Cakes, Jellies, Confectionery, Biscuits, Compound condiments, Table sweeteners, Fruit preserves, Jams and marmalades, Chewing gum, Pickled vegetables, Preserved fruit, etc. It is labelled with the number E959 in the list of European food additives.

Cosmetics

Fragrance. It plays a decisive and important role in the formulation of cosmetic products as it provides the possibility of enhancing, masking or adding fragrance to the final product, increasing its marketability. It is able to create a perceptible pleasant odour, masking a bad smell. The consumer always expects to find a pleasant or distinctive scent in a cosmetic product. 

Studies

This study investigated the effects of the commonly used dietary sweetener sodium cyclamate on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.  The results indicate that a very low concentration (0.06 μM) of sodium cyclamate can curl and fold microfilament and microtubule of osteoblasts. The addition of sodium cyclamate resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability. Alizarin red staining experiment revealed that sodium cyclamate decreased the mineralization capacity of osteoblasts. The present results suggest that sodium cyclamate can seriously inhibit osteoblast proliferation and differentiation (1).

In this study results indicate that sodium cyclamate can not only bind to the minor groove of DNA, but also intercalate in DNA base pairs.  The binding value for DNA saturation estimated to be 1.67 based on RLS data also indicated that sodium cyclamate may cause DNA damage (2).

Sodium cyclamate other studies

Typical commercial product characteristics Sodium Cyclamate

Appearance	White crystalline powder or crystals
Melting Point	~300 °C   265°C
pH	5.5 - 7.5
Absorbance (270nm)	<0.1
Loss on drying	<10%
Cyclohexylamine	<10 ppm
Dicyclohexylamine	<1 ppm
Sulfate	<500 ppm
Heavy metal	<10ppm
Arsenic	3ppm
Selenium	<30 ppm
Sulfamic Acid	<0.1%
Safety

• Molecular formula  C₆H₁₁NHSO₃.Na      C₆H₁₂NNaO₃S   C₆H₁₂O₃NSNa
• Molecular Weight  201.22 g/mol
• Exact Mass 201.043564
• CAS: 139-05-9
• UNII   1I6F42RME1
• EC Number: 205-348-9
• IUPAC  sodium;N-cyclohexylsulfamate
• InChI=1S/C6H13NO3S.Na/c8-11(9,10)7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6;/h6-7H,1-5H2,(H,8,9,10);/q;+1/p-1  
• InChl Key  UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M    
• SMILES C1CCC(CC1)NS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID6020355
• MDL number  MFCD00003827
• PubChem Substance ID   24871485
• Beilstein/REAXYS Number:  4166868

Synonims: 

• Natriumcyclohexylamidosulfat
• Sodium N-cyclohexylsulphamate
• sodium cyclohexylsulfamate
• Sodium N-Cyclohexylsulfamate
• Cyclohexanesulfamic acid sodium salt

References__________________________________________________________________

(1) Chen Z, Chen G, Zhou K, Zhang P, Ren X, Mei X. Toxicity of food sweetener-sodium cyclamate on osteoblasts cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Jan 8;508(2):507-511. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.172. 

(2) Hu Y, Xie M, Wu X. Interaction studies of sodium cyclamate with DNA revealed by spectroscopy methods. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2019 Sep 5;220:117085. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.04.077.