Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) seems to have originated in China and was brought to the Mediterranean by Italian navigators around 1450.USA is in first place in world production with a product gro ...

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Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) seems to have originated in China and was brought to the Mediterranean by Italian navigators around 1450.

USA is in first place in world production with a product grown mainly in Florida. This is followed by China, Brazil, Spain, Japan, Mexico and Italy.

Orange contains on average:

• from 45 to 52 calories
• Protein 07/1.3 g
• Carbohydrates 12/12.7 g
• Fibers 0.5 g
• Calcium 42 mg
• Phosphorus 20 mg
• Iron 0.5 mg
• Potassium 200 mg
• Vitamin 200 IU
• Thiamine 0,10 mg
• Vitamin B2 Riboflavin 0.04 mg
• Niacin 0,4 mg
• Vitamin C Ascorbic acid 50 mg
• Sodium 1 mg
• limonene (75-90%)
• linalool
• geraniol

Practically everything is used of the plant:

• Pulp : juices
• Peel : perfumes, cakes, varnish resins
• Seeds : oil, soap, plastic, fertilisers
• Flowers and leaves: perfumes
• Wood : walking sticks, cabinet-making

As an adjuvant in traditional medicine it is used against:

• Fever
• Catarrh
• Skin Diseases
• Acne
• Capillary fragility
• Intestinal disorders

Orange navel essential oil contains terpenes such as limonene, the main constituent, and linalool, which have an antioxidant effect and have been successfully used for decades as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents against many types of cancer (1).

Some studies report a some efficacy of the essential oil in aromatherapy (2), as larvicide (3), as antifungal (4).

Orange studies

References_______________________________________________

(1) Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of D-limonene in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Research Campaign Phase I/II Clinical Trials Committee.  Vigushin DM, Poon GK, Boddy A, English J, Halbert GW, Pagonis C, Jarman M, Coombes RC.  Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1998;42(2):111-7.

(2) Comparing effects of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil and orange essential oil on fatigue of hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial.  Ahmady S, Rezaei M, Khatony A.  Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2019 Aug;36:64-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.05.005.

(3) Larvicidal potential of essential oils against Musca domestica and Anopheles stephensi.  Chauhan N, Malik A, Sharma S, Dhiman RC.  Parasitol Res. 2016 Jun;115(6):2223-31. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-4965-x.

(4) Antimycotic Activity and Genotoxic Evaluation of Citrus sinensis and Citrus latifolia Essential Oils.  Ruiz-Pérez NJ, González-Ávila M, Sánchez-Navarrete J, Toscano-Garibay JD, Moreno-Eutimio MA, Sandoval-Hernández T, Arriaga-Alba M.  Sci Rep. 2016 May 3;6:25371. doi: 10.1038/srep25371.

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