Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.

Xu S. Extraction and quantitative analysis of water by GC/MS for trace-level dimethylsilanediol (DMSD). J Chromatogr A. 2019 Aug 30;1600:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.026. 

Abstract. Dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) is related to the most important bifunctional building block for silicone oligomers and polymers, although DMSD itself is not used in any commercial applications.

Lin Y, Wang L, Krumpfer JW, Watkins JJ, McCarthy TJ. Hydrophobization of inorganic oxide surfaces using dimethylsilanediol. Langmuir. 2013 Feb 5;29(5):1329-32. doi: 10.1021/la303963q.

Abstract.  We report that dimethylsilanediol is a useful reagent for the surface modification (hydrophobization) of oxidized silicon and other oxidized metal surfaces and compare the wetting properties of modified solids with those of conventionally modified surfaces.

Xu S, Kropscott B. Method for simultaneous determination of partition coefficients for cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes and dimethylsilanediol. Anal Chem. 2012 Feb 21;84(4):1948-55. doi: 10.1021/ac202953t. 

Abstract. Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) may enter the environment through industrial activities and the use of various consumer products. Reliable air/water (K(AW)), 1-octanol/water (K(OW)), and octanol/air partition coefficients (K(OA)) for those compounds and their common degradation product, dimethylsilanediol, are critical for accurate prediction of the environmental fate, distribution, and transport of these materials. Challenges have been encountered in determining these properties for cVMS and their degradation products mainly due to the extremely low water solubility of the organosiloxanes, low volatility of their degradation products, and reactivity of those compounds in the water/1-octanol system that can lead to inconsistent and inaccurate partition coefficients. A novel direct method is presented for the simultaneous determination of K(AW), K(OW), and K(OA) of organic compounds and was applied to these organosilicon compounds. It was tested in a range of log K(AW) values from -6.8 to 3.1, log K(OW) values from -0.4 to 8.9, and log K(OA) values up to 7. 

Duivenvoorden WC, Middleton A, Kinrade SD. Divergent effects of orthosilicic acid and dimethylsilanediol on cell survival and adhesion in human osteoblast-like cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2008;22(3):215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2008.02.001. 

Abstract. Although dietary silicon (Si) is recognized to be an important factor for the growth and development of bone and connective tissue, its biochemical role has yet to be identified. The predominant Si-containing species in blood and other biofluids is orthosilicic acid, Si(OH)(4). Dimethylsilanediol, (CH(3))(2)Si(OH)(2), is an environmental contaminant that results from decomposition of silicone compounds used in personal hygiene, health care and industrial products. We examined the in vitro effects of both Si species on the survival (colony forming efficiency), proliferation (DNA content), differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity) and adhesion (relative protein content) of the human osteoblast-like cell lines Saos-2 and hFOB 1.19. 

Lehmann RG, Miller JR, Kozerski GE. Degradation of silicone polymer in a field soil under natural conditions. Chemosphere. 2000 Sep;41(5):743-9. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00430-0. 

Abstract. Silicone polymers (PDMS = polydimethylsiloxane) are used in numerous consumer and industrial products. Our previous work showed that they will degrade in soil under laboratory conditions. This paper investigates PDMS degradation in the field.

Santos-Clotas E, Cabrera-Codony A, Boada E, Gich F, Muñoz R, Martín MJ. Efficient removal of siloxanes and volatile organic compounds from sewage biogas by an anoxic biotrickling filter supplemented with activated carbon. Bioresour Technol. 2019 Dec;294:122136. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122136.

Abstract. The removal of siloxanes (D4 and D5) and volatile organic contaminants (hexane, toluene and limonene) typically found in sewage biogas was investigated in a lab-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) packed with lava rock under anoxic conditions.