Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.

Bährle-Rapp, M. (2007). Sodium Carboxymethyl Betaglucan. In: Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_9461

Preece KE, Glávits R, Murbach TS, Endres JR, Hirka G, Vértesi A, Szakonyiné IP. Assessment of toxicological potential of sodium carboxymethyl beta-glucan, a novel beta-glucan. Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Jun;152:112226. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112226.

Abstract. In this experimental work, sodium carboxymethyl beta-glucan (CMBG), a chemically altered beta-glucan, is evaluated for mutagenicity and sub-acute oral toxicity. Specifically, the tested material was CM-Glucan Nu, a food grade powder ≥90% CMBG derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A bacterial reverse mutation test was performed and resulted in no mutagenicity. A 28-day, repeated-dose, oral (gavage) toxicity test on rats was performed at dose levels of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg bw/day. No mortality, target organs or other treatment related effects were observed. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 2000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested, for both male and female Han:WIST rats. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. 

Hergesell K, Valentová K, Velebný V, Vávrová K, Dolečková I. Common Cosmetic Compounds Can Reduce Air Pollution-Induced Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Response in the Skin. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2022;35(3):156-165. doi: 10.1159/000522276. 

Abstract. Introduction: Constantly increasing air pollution (AP) poses a concern affecting not only our health but also our skin. A typical manifestation of the skin damage induced by AP is its premature aging, irritation, skin barrier impairment, pigmentation disorders, and development or exacerbation of various skin diseases. For these reasons, it is crucial to protect the skin from the negative effects of AP. In this study, we evaluated the ability of some compounds commonly used in dermatological or cosmetic preparations with various biological activities to reduce AP-induced skin damage....© 2022 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Maia, A. M., Baby, A. R., Yasaka, W. J., Suenaga, E., Kaneko, T. M., & Velasco, M. V. R. (2007). Validation of HPLC stability-indicating method for Vitamin C in semisolid pharmaceutical/cosmetic preparations with glutathione and sodium metabisulfite, as antioxidants. Talanta, 71(2), 639-643.

Abstract. HPLC stability-indicating method was validated for Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in semisolid pharmaceutical/cosmetic formulations containing glutathione and sodium metabisulfite, as antioxidants. The described procedure included a reliable, precise, accurate and specific method determination employing a 250 mm × 4.6 mm C18 column, 0.2% metaphosphoric acid/methanol/acetonitrile (90:8:2, v/v/v) as the mobile phase and detection at 254 nm. Nicotinic and ascorbic acids were employed as standards, both presenting purity of 99.0%. Linearity was established for the ascorbic acid concentrations ranging form 1.0 to 12 μg mL−1, accuracy/recovery percentage was 95.46–101.54%, precision values were 0.38 (intra-day) and 1.22% (inter-days), and LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.05 and 0.17 μg mL−1, respectively. The working mobile phase elevated the ascorbic acid retention time to ≈3.5 min at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1 and provided resolution of the active from the nicotinic acid (internal standard), degradation product (oxalic acid) and other excipients from the pharmaceutical/cosmetic preparations.

Roy, S., Das, S. K., Chakraborty, S., Pandey, K., Mukherjee, A., & Rajabalaya, R. (2020). Role of Pullulans in Cosmetics. In Pullulan (pp. 239-255). Jenny Stanford Publishing.

Abstract. Pullulan is an anaerobically produced, water-soluble glucan gum from a yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. Adherence properties of pullulans have instant skin-tightening effect and can thus be used to formulate antiaging creams. Effective binding properties of pullulans in the presence of surfactants has made it suitable for formulating creams, lotions, lipstick, lip gloss, etc. Pullulan has a wide range of applications commercially as well as in industries such as health care, food science, pharmacy, etc. Different desired characteristics of pullulan, such as transparency, film-forming ability, moisture absorption capacity, aqueous solubility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity, have made pullulan a promising candidate in the manufacturing of cosmetics. Pullulan has multiple uses in different kinds of cosmetic products such as cosmetic lotions, cosmetic powders, rouges, cosmetics for use around the eyes, facial packs, shampoos, set lotions, hair lacquers, and toothpaste. Adherence properties of pullulans have instant skin-tightening effect and can thus be the reader..