Citrus medica limonum peel, commonly known as lemon peel extract, is derived from the peel of the lemon fruit (Citrus medica limonum). This citrus fruit is known for its bright yellow skin and tangy flavor. The extract is valued for its diverse potential benefits in both cosmetic and therapeutic applications, owing to the rich concentration of bioactive compounds present in the peel.

Chemical Composition and Structure: The lemon peel extract contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including:

• Flavonoids: Such as hesperidin and eriocitrin, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Citral: A major component that imparts a lemon-like aroma and contributes to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Limonene: Provides a citrusy scent and has potential antioxidant benefits.
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C): Offers significant antioxidant protection and supports skin health by aiding collagen synthesis.
• Organic Acids: Including citric acid, which contributes to its astringent properties.

The chemical structures of these compounds typically include aromatic rings and hydroxyl groups, which are essential for their biological activities and effectiveness.

Physical Properties:

• Appearance: Usually a yellow to amber liquid or powder, depending on the extraction method.
• Odor: Fresh, citrusy, and lemon-like, reflecting the natural aroma of lemon peel.
• Density: Variable, depending on concentration and extraction solvent used.
• Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol; solubility may vary based on the specific formulation and method of extraction.

Production Process: The extraction of lemon peel can be carried out using several methods:

• Solvent Extraction: The peel is treated with organic solvents to extract the active compounds. The solvent is then evaporated, resulting in a concentrated extract.
• Cold Pressing: The peel is mechanically pressed to release essential oils and other beneficial compounds, which are then processed into an extract.
• Steam Distillation: Steam is used to vaporize the essential oils from the peel, which are then condensed and collected.

Applications:

• Cosmetics: Used in skincare products for its antioxidant, astringent, and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps in brightening the skin, improving texture, and reducing the appearance of age spots.
• INCI Functions:
  • Skin Conditioning Agent: Enhances the skin’s appearance and provides conditioning benefits.
  • Antioxidant: Helps protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.
  • Fragrance
  • CAS   92346-89-9 / 84929-31-7   
  • EC number   296-174-2 / 284-515-8
• Dietary Supplements: Included for its potential health benefits, particularly its antioxidant properties and support for overall wellness.
• Perfumery: Added to fragrances for its fresh, lemony aroma, providing a bright and uplifting scent.
• Pharmaceuticals: Investigated for its therapeutic potential, including its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Environmental and Safety Considerations:

• Environmental Impact: The production of lemon peel extract requires substantial agricultural resources. Sustainable farming practices are important to minimize environmental impact and ensure the responsible use of natural resources.
• Safety: The extract is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before extensive use to avoid adverse reactions. The extract should be used according to product instructions and kept away from the eyes.