![]() | "Descrizione" by admin (19549 pt) | 2024-Sep-27 09:06 |
Vitis vinifera vine sap è un ingrediente botanico ottenuto dall'albero omonimo, la vite. Sia nel gambo che nelle foglie, nei semi e negli acini d'uva sono presenti costituenti interessanti dal punto di vista salutare. Acido ascorbico, biotina, acido malico, resveratrolo, vari polifenoli posseggono un'ampia gamma di proprietà biologiche con azione antinfiammatoria, antiossidante.
E' da tener presente che la quantità dei costituenti dipende da vari fattori quali i metodi e le tecniche di estrazione.
Il nome definisce la struttura della molecola
Descrizione delle materie prime utilizzate nella produzione e loro funzioni.
Forma. Liquido.
Colore. Incolore o leggermente torbido.
Processo di sintesi chimica industriale passo per passo.
A cosa serve e dove si usa
Cosmetica
Agente condizionante della pelle - Misto. Questo ingrediente ha il compito di modificare le condizioni della pelle quando è danneggiata o secca ridimensionandone la sfogliatura e restituendone elasticità.
CAS 85594-37-2 84929-27-1
EC number 287-896-9 284-511-6
Applicazioni Commerciali
Cosmetici e Cura della Pelle. Il succo di Vitis vinifera viene utilizzato in cosmetici per le sue proprietà idratanti e lenitive. Può aiutare a calmare la pelle irritata e ridurre l'arrossamento.
Prodotti di Bellezza e Trattamenti. L'acqua di uva è ricca di polifenoli e antiossidanti, ed è spesso utilizzata in prodotti antinvecchiamento per combattere i radicali liberi e promuovere una pelle sana.
Applicazioni Mediche
Dermatologiche. Grazie alle sue proprietà lenitive e anti-infiammatorie, il succo di vite può essere utilizzato in preparazioni dermatologiche per trattare affezioni cutanee come eczema o psoriasi.
Considerazioni Ambientali e di Sicurezza
Vitis vinifera vine sap è generalmente considerata sicura per l'uso nei cosmetici quando applicata secondo le linee guida raccomandate. È ben tollerata dalla maggior parte dei tipi di pelle, comprese le pelli sensibili. Pratiche di approvvigionamento e formulazione responsabili sono essenziali per garantire che l'ingrediente sia privo di contaminanti nocivi e prodotto in modo sostenibile.
Studi
Nell'uva si trovano oltre alle vitamine B1, B6, C e K anche polifenoli che, con la loro attività antiossidante, svolgono diverse azioni protettive: aumento dell'espressione genica o proteica antiossidante, attenuazione della segnalazione dello stress del reticolo endoplasmatico, blocco delle citochine proinfiammatorie o le chinasi endotossino-mediate e i fattori di trascrizione coinvolti nelle malattie metaboliche, soppressione dell'infiammazione (1). Queste azioni possono ridurre l'obesità-mediata da infiammazione cronica da molteplici meccanismi, prevenendo così le malattie metaboliche.
Inoltre pare accertato un effetto di stimolo della memoria nelle persone anziane mediante un'integrazione di succo d'uva che ha dimostrato di produrre una riduzione della patologia vascolare in persone con malattie cardiovascolari (2).
Il Piceatannol (trans-3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene) , un polifenolo dell'uva, regolando l'espressione di proteine coinvolte nella migrazione di cellule tumorali, parrebbe in grado di contrastane la migrazione nella prostata (3).
Estratti di Vitis rotundifolia ha prodotto un'azione anticancro contro un tumore particolarmente aggressivo, il Carcinoma mammario triplo negativo. L'azione positiva è riconducibile all'attività antitumorale e antiossidante svolta dal contenuro fenolico ed ai flavonoidi presenti in questo tipo di uva (4).
Nella buccia e nei semi dell'uva è presente il resveratrolo (3,5,4’-trans-trihydroxystilbene), un componente polifenolico appartenente alla famiglia degli stilbeni che provvede a difendere i vegetali da stress, infezioni ed altre malattie. Il resveratrolo possiede un'ampia gamma di proprietà biologiche con azione antinfiammatoria, neuroprotettiva, antitumorale, antinvecchiamento (5).
Bibliografia__________________________________________________________________________
(1) Chuang CC, McIntosh MK. Potential mechanisms by which polyphenol-rich grapes prevent obesity-mediated inflammation and metabolic diseases. Annu Rev Nutr. 2011 Aug 21;31:155-76. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-072610-145149.
Abstract. Obesity and metabolic disease-related health problems (e.g., type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and hypertension) are the most prevalent nutrition-related issues in the United States. An emerging feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes is their linkage with chronic inflammation that begins in white adipose tissue and eventually becomes systemic. One potential strategy to reduce inflammation and insulin resistance is consumption of polyphenol-rich foods like grapes or their by-products, which have anti-inflammatory properties. Polyphenols commonly found in grape products have been reported to reduce inflammation by (a) acting as an antioxidant or increasing antioxidant gene or protein expression, (b) attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling, (c) blocking proinflammatory cytokines or endotoxin-mediated kinases and transcription factors involved in metabolic disease, (d) suppressing inflammatory- or inducing metabolic-gene expression via increasing histone deacetylase activity, or (e) activating transcription factors that antagonize chronic inflammation. Thus, polyphenol-rich grape products may reduce obesity-mediated chronic inflammation by multiple mechanisms, thereby preventing metabolic diseases.
(2) Krikorian R, Nash TA, Shidler MD, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph JA. Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Br J Nutr. 2010 Mar;103(5):730-4. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509992364.
Abstract. Concord grape juice contains polyphenol compounds, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and influence neuronal signalling. Concord grape juice supplementation has been shown to reduce inflammation, blood pressure and vascular pathology in individuals with CVD, and consumption of such flavonoid-containing foods is associated with a reduced risk for dementia. In addition, preliminary animal data have indicated improvement in memory and motor function with grape juice supplementation, suggesting potential for cognitive benefit in ageing humans. In this initial investigation of neurocognitive effects, we enrolled twelve older adults with memory decline but not dementia in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial with Concord grape juice supplementation for 12 weeks. We observed significant improvement in a measure of verbal learning and non-significant enhancement of verbal and spatial recall. There was no appreciable effect of the intervention on depressive symptoms and no effect on weight or waist circumference. A small increase in fasting insulin was observed for those consuming grape juice. These preliminary findings suggest that supplementation with Concord grape juice may enhance cognitive function for older adults with early memory decline and establish a basis for more comprehensive investigations to evaluate potential benefit and assess mechanisms of action.
(3) PKwon GT, Jung JI, Song HR, Woo EY, Jun JG, Kim JK, Her S, Park JH. Piceatannol inhibits migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells: possible mediation by decreased interleukin-6 signaling. J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Mar;23(3):228-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.11.019. Epub 2011 Apr 15. PMID: 21497499.
(4) Darwish AG, El-Sharkawy I, Tang C, Rao Q, Tan J. Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Activities of Chocolate Fortified with Muscadine Grape Pomace. Foods. 2023 Aug 22;12(17):3153. doi: 10.3390/foods12173153.
Abstract. Muscadine grape pomace and mixed products with chocolate extracts from three muscadine genotypes exhibiting different berry skin colors (black and bronze) were investigated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH, FRAP antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity using MDA-MB-468 (MM-468; African American) breast cancer cells. Muscadine berry extracts and mixed products showed cytotoxicity activities of up to 70% against MM-468 breast cancer cells. Cell growth inhibition was higher in 'macerated Floriana' with an IC50 value of 20.70 ± 2.43 followed by 'Alachua' with an IC50 value of 22.25 ± 2.47. TPC and TFC in macerated MGP powder were (1.4 ± 0.14 and 0.45 ± 0.01 GAE/g FW, respectively), which was significantly higher than those in cocoa powder. Data analysis showed a high association between DPPH, FRAP antioxidant activities, and TPC content and a positive high correlation between anticancer activity and antioxidant capacity and between TPC and anticancer activity. The anticancer and antioxidant effects of muscadine grape pomace and chocolate extracts are attributed to the TPC of extracts, which showed a stronger positive correlation with growth inhibition of African American breast cancer cells. This study would be of great value for food industries as well as other manufacturers who are interested in new food blends.
(5) Galiniak S, Aebisher D, Bartusik-Aebisher D. Health benefits of resveratrol administration. Acta Biochim Pol. 2019 Feb 28;66(1):13-21. doi: 10.18388/abp.2018_2749. PMID: 30816367.
Abstract. Resveratrol is a polyphenol that is abundant in grape skin and seeds. Food sources of resveratrol include wine, berries, and peanuts. This compound has many properties, including activity against glycation, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurodegeneration, several types of cancer, and aging. Because resveratrol is generally welltolerated, it is believed to be a promising compound in preventing many diseases, such as diabetes and its complications. Unfortunately, this compound exhibits low bioavailability and solubility. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest information on the multiple effects of resveratrol on health and the benefits of its intake, based on in vitro and in vivo studies in animals and humans.
de la Lastra CA, Villegas I. Resveratrol as an anti-inflammatory and anti-aging agent: mechanisms and clinical implications. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2005 May;49(5):405-30. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200500022.
Abstract. Resveratrol is a phytoalexin polyphenolic compound found in various plants, including grapes, berries, and peanuts. Multiple lines of compelling evidence indicate its beneficial effects on neurological, hepatic, and cardiovascular systems. Also one of the most striking biological activities of resveratrol soundly investigated during the late years has been its cancer-chemopreventive potential. In fact, recently it has been demonstrated that this stilbene blocks the multistep process of carcinogenesis at various stages: tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. One of the possible mechanisms for its biological activities involves downregulation of the inflammatory response through inhibition of synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators, modification of eicosanoid synthesis, inhibition of activated immune cells, or inhibiting such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via its inhibitory effects on nuclear factor (kappa)B (NF-(kappa)B) or the activator protein-1 (AP-1). More recent data provide interesting insights into the effect of this compound on the lifespan of yeast and flies, implicating the potential of resveratrol as an anti-aging agent in treating age-related human diseases. It is worthy to note that the phenolic compound possesses a low bioavailability and rapid clearance from the plasma. As the positive effects of resveratrol on inflammatory response regulation may comprise relevant clinical implications, the purpose of this article is to review its strong anti-inflammatory activity and the plausible mechanisms of these effects. Also, this review is intended to provide the reader an up-date of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol and its impact on lifespan.
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