D-Glucosamine sulphate 2KCl, also known as Glucosamine sulphate potassium chloride, is a form of glucosamine sulphate stabilised with potassium chloride.

The name 'D-Glucosamine sulphate 2KCl' describes the structure of the molecule.

• "D-Glucosamine" refers to the specific form of glucosamine, a naturally occurring amino sugar that plays a key role in the formation of cartilage and other body tissues. The 'D' refers to the configuration of the molecule, linked to its three-dimensional structure.
• The term 'sulphate' indicates that glucosamine is combined with a sulphate group. Sulphate is a salt of sulphuric acid and is important for many biological processes, including the formation of cartilage and joint fluid.

"2KCl" indicates that the compound contains two molecules of potassium chloride. Potassium chloride is a common salt that is often used in the preparation of drugs because it is highly soluble in water.

Thus, D-glucosamine sulphate 2KCl is a compound comprising D-glucosamine, sulphate and potassium chloride.

The synthesis process is similar to that of D-glucosamine sulphate, with an additional step to stabilise the glucosamine sulphate with potassium chloride:

• Glucosamine production: usually achieved by hydrolysing chitin, a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, which is a glucose derivative. Chitin is abundant in the exoskeletons of crustaceans such as shrimps and crabs. The hydrolysis process breaks down chitin into its constituent glucosamine units.
• Conversion to D-glucosamine: the glucosamine produced in the first step appears in the form of D-glucosamine. This is because the chitin used as starting material is composed of D-glucosamine units.
• Sulphation: The next step is to add a sulphate group to D-glucosamine to form D-glucosamine sulphate. This is typically performed with sulphuric acid or a related compound.
• Stabilisation with potassium chloride: Finally, the final step is to stabilise the glucosamine sulphate with potassium chloride. This is done by combining glucosamine sulphate with potassium chloride in a suitable solvent and then removing the solvent to leave the stabilised compound.

What it is used for and where

D-Glucosamine sulphate 2KCl is often used as a dietary supplement for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint conditions, as it is believed to help rebuild cartilage and reduce inflammation.

Medical

There are currently no relevant scientific studies on D-Glucosamine sulphate 2KCl but I report below considerations that relate to D-Glucosamine sulphate:

D-Glucosamine sulphate is a natural chemical found in the human body. It is used by the body to produce a number of other chemicals involved in the construction of tendons, ligaments, cartilage and the dense fluid that surrounds joints.

In medical terms, D-Glucosamine sulphate is commonly used as a dietary supplement to treat the symptoms of osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease. It is believed to help improve function and relieve pain in individuals with osteoarthritis, particularly in the knee, hip and spine. 

D-Glucosamine sulphate is also used in the treatment of other conditions, such as glaucoma and weight loss, but scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited.

It is important to note that although D-Glucosamine sulphate is generally considered safe for most people when taken in quantities, it can cause side effects such as stomach upset, constipation, diarrhoea, headaches and skin rashes. It can also interact with some medications, so it is always advisable to consult a doctor before starting a new supplementation regimen.(1)

Cosmetics

• Skin conditioning agent. It is the mainstay of topical skin treatment as it has the function of restoring, increasing or improving skin tolerance to external factors, including melanocyte tolerance. The most important function of the conditioning agent is to prevent skin dehydration, but the subject is rather complex and involves emollients and humectants that can be added in the formulation.

• Molecular Formula  C₆H₁₅NO₉S
• Molecular Weight     277.25 g/mol
• CAS  29031-19-4
• UNII    
• EC Number   249-379-6

Bibliografia_____________________________________________________________________

(1) Bruyère O, Cooper C, Al-Daghri NM, Dennison EM, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY. Inappropriate claims from non-equivalent medications in osteoarthritis: a position paper endorsed by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO). Aging Clin Exp Res. 2018 Feb;30(2):111-117. doi: 10.1007/s40520-017-0861-1.

Abstract. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease, that occurs frequently in the aging population and is a major cause of disability worldwide. Both glucosamine and chondroitin are biologically active molecules that are substrates for proteoglycan, an essential component of the cartilage matrix. Evidence supports the use of glucosamine and chondroitin as symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOAs) with impact on OA symptoms and disease-modifying effects in the long term. Glucosamine and chondroitin are administered in exogenous form as a sulfate salt and multiple formulations of these agents are available, both as prescription-grade products and nutritional supplements. However, while all preparations may claim to deliver a therapeutic level of glucosamine or chondroitin not all are supported by clinical evidence. Only patented crystalline glucosamine sulfate (pCGS) is shown to deliver consistently high glucosamine bioavailability and plasma concentration in humans, which corresponds to demonstrated clinical efficacy. Similarly, clinical evidence supports only the pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin sulfate. The European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) advocates, through careful consideration of the evidence base, that judicious choice of glucosamine and chondroitin formulation is essential to maximize clinical benefit, patient adherence and satisfaction with treatment. In future, the ESCEO recommends that complex molecules with biological activity such as pCGS may be treated as "biosimilars" akin to the European Medicines Agency guidance on biological medicinal products. It seems likely that for all other complex molecules classed as SYSADOAs, the recommendation to use only formulations clearly supported by the evidence-base should apply.