![]() | "Descrizione" by admin (19549 pt) | 2024-Apr-15 19:56 |
Red 7 o D&C Red No. 7 è un composto chimico, un colorante sintetico azoico rosso .
Il nome definisce la struttura della molecola:
D&C è l'abbreviazione di "Drugs and Cosmetics", che indica che questo colorante è approvato per l'uso in farmaci e cosmetici negli Stati Uniti. Il prefisso serve a garantire che il colorante soddisfi determinati standard di sicurezza per questi usi.
Red 7 specifica il tipo di rosso nel catalogo dei coloranti, identificando una particolare tonalità di rosso.
Lake si riferisce a un tipo di colorante insolubile. I coloranti lake sono creati dalla precipitazione di un colorante solubile con un metallo (come l'alluminio), rendendoli insolubili in acqua e quindi più stabili in prodotti non acquosi come i cosmetici in polvere.
Processo industriale di sintesi chimica
A cosa serve e dove si usa
Cosmetica
E' un ingrediente soggetto a restrizioni IV/27 (CI 15850) III/296 (Pigment Red 57) come Voce pertinente negli allegati del regolamento europeo sui cosmetici n. 1223/2009. Sostanza o ingrediente segnalato: Disodium 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-sulphonatophenyl)azo]-2-naphthoate and its insoluble barium, strontium and zirconium lakes, salts and pigments
Colorante. Questo ingrediente ha la funzione di colorare la soluzione in cui è inserito in modo temporaneo, semi-permanente o permanente, sia da solo che in presenza dei componenti complementari aggiunti per la colorazione.
Tintura per capelli. E' un ingrediente che aggiunge ai capelli una colorazione che può essere temporanea, semi-permanente o permanente a seconda di quali altri ingredienti vengono aggiunti per ottenere il risultato. Il pH per la tintura dei capelli è generalmente compreso tra 9 e 10.
Sicurezza
Il problema legato ai coloranti azoici (monoazo o diazo) è la degradazione fotocatalitica (1) che porta ad un'eventuale ossidazione ed alla successiva formazione di impurità come le ammine aromatiche (2) alcune delle quali svolgono attività cancerogena.
OPINION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND NON-FOOD
PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR CONSUMERS.
CONCERNING
PIGMENT RED 57
Adopted by the SCCNFP during the 28th plenary meeting of 25 May 2004
"Pigment Red 57 (Lithol Rubine B and BK) is of low acute toxicity in rats and dogs. Repeated
and chronic oral administration to rodents up to 2 years, showed the kidney as a primary target
organ in the high doses. The lowest NOAEL (150 mg/kg/bw/day) was obtained in the 2 years
toxicity study in rats performed with the F1-generation of parent-animals pretreated at the same
dose levels. The SCF also used this study to derive an ADI for this compound.
There is no indication for corrosivity or comedogenic effects on the skin. Also no irritation on
mucous membranes was noted. From the results of the local lymph node assay it is concluded
that Pigment Red 57 is not a skin-sensitiser.
There was no convincing evidence of reproductive effects in rats and rabbits treated orally.
Pigment Red 57 (Lithol Rubine B) did not cause skin irritation in rabbits but induced skin
sensitisation in man. Diluted Lithol Rubine BK produced little irritation in man and rabbits and
failed to induce sensitisation in man.
Pigment Red 57 has been tested for the induction of gene mutations in bacterial cells and in the
mammalian cells and found negative. The in vivo study for the induction of the micronuclei is
inadequate for the evaluation.
None of the available carcinogenicity studies are reported in sufficient details to allow an
evaluation of the potential carcinogenicity of Pigment Red 57."
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Chemical name: disodium;2-[(3-carboxy-2-oxidonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]-5-methylbenzenesulfonate
Molecular Formula C18H12N2Na2O6S
Molecular Weight 430.3 g/mol
CAS 5281-04-9
UNII 481744AI4O
EC Number 227-497-9
DTXSID6064038
Synonyms:
D&C Red No. 6
Lithol Rubine B
Pigment Red 57
D&C Red No. 7
Lithol Rubine B Ca
Bibliografia_____________________________________________________________________
(1) Li M, He W, Liu Y, Wu H, Wamer WG, Lo YM, Yin JJ. FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine) degradation via reactive oxygen species triggered by TiO2 and Au/TiO2 nanoparticles exposed to simulated sunlight. J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Dec 10;62(49):12052-60. doi: 10.1021/jf5045052. Epub 2014 Nov 24. PMID: 25393426.
Abstract. When exposed to light, TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) become photoactivated and create electron/hole pairs as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examined the ROS production and degradation of a widely used azo dye, FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine), triggered by photoactivated TiO2 NPs. Degradation was found to follow pseudo-first order reaction kinetics where the rate constant increased with TiO2 NP concentration. Depositing Au on the surface of TiO2 largely enhanced electron transfer and ROS generation, which consequently accelerated dye degradation. Alkaline conditions promoted ROS generation and dye degradation. Results from electron spin resonance spin-trap spectroscopy suggested that at pH 7.4, both hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen ((1)O2) were responsible for dye discoloration, whereas at pH 5, the consumption of (1)O2 became dominant. Implications for dye degradation in foods and other consumer products that contain both TiO2 and FD&C Yellow No. 5 as ingredients are discussed.
(2) Belai N, White SR. Determination of Unsulfonated Aromatic Amines in FD&C Yellow No. 5 and FD&C Yellow No. 6 by Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. J AOAC Int. 2019 Mar 1;102(2):580-589. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0165.
Abstract. Background: This paper describes a simple and sensitive ultra-HPLC-triple quadrupole MS (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of six unsulfonated aromatic amines in the color additives FD&C Yellow No. 5 (Y5) and FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Y6). The six amines determined by this method are aniline (ANL), benzidine (BNZ), 4-aminobiphenyl (4ABP), 4-aminoazobenzene (4AAB), 2-aminobiphenyl (2ABP), and 4-aminobenzonitrile (4ABN). Objective: This method is intended for use in batch certification of the color additives by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to ensure that each lot meets published specifications for coloring foods, drugs, and cosmetics. Methods: A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure is used for extraction of the amines. Quantitative determination was performed in electrospray positive ionization and multiple-reaction monitoring modes. Results: Validation of the method demonstrated overall recovery of 101-115% and precision of 1.74-9.78% for all analytes. Excellent regression coefficients were obtained, with values >0.999. Conclusions: The validated method was successfully used for the analyses of 30 Y5 and Y6 samples and provided results that are consistent with results from the current method used by FDA, with greater sensitivity and low matrix effects. Highlights: The validation results demonstrate that the new LC-MS/MS method is applicable for use in routine batch certification.
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