Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil is an essential oil extracted from the roots of the Formosana variety of the Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora var. formosana), part of the Lauraceae family. This oil is known for its complex aroma profile and contains a variety of chemical compounds including safrole, acetaldehyde, camphor, terpineol, eugenol, eucalyptol (cineole), D-pinene, phellandrene, limonene, and cadine. It is used in various applications, including aromatherapy, perfumes, and personal care products.
Chemical Composition and Structure
The chemical composition of Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil includes:
Safrole: A phenylpropene with the formula C10H12O3, known for its sweet and spicy aroma. It is used in fragrances and has potential effects on the central nervous system.
Acetaldehyde: An aldehyde with the formula C2H4O, providing a green, fruity odor and used in flavoring and perfumery.
Camphor: A ketone with the formula C10H16O, known for its strong, medicinal aroma and used for its stimulating and analgesic properties.
Terpineol: A monoterpene alcohol with the formula C10H18O, offering a floral, lilac-like scent and used in perfumery and as a solvent.
Eugenol: A phenolic compound with the formula C10H12O3, known for its spicy, clove-like aroma and used in dental care and as an antiseptic.
Eucalyptol (Cineole): A monoterpene oxide with the formula C10H18O, providing a fresh, camphoraceous aroma with potential antimicrobial properties.
D-Pinene: A monoterpene with the formula C10H16, contributing a pine-like scent and used in various fragrances and as a solvent.
Phellandrene: A monoterpene with the formula C10H14, offering a citrus-like aroma and used in fragrance formulations.
Limonene: A monoterpene with the formula C10H16, known for its citrus scent and used in cleaning products and perfumes.
Cadine: A sesquiterpene with the formula C15H24, contributing a woody, earthy note to the oil.
Physical Properties
Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil typically exhibits the following physical properties:
Color: Yellow to amber.
Odor: Complex and multi-faceted, with notes of camphor, spice, and woody undertones.
Solubility: Soluble in oils and alcohol; limited solubility in water.
Production Process
The production process for Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil includes:
Harvesting: The roots of the Formosana variety of the Camphor Tree are collected. The quality and age of the roots can impact the composition of the oil.
Extraction: The oil is extracted through steam distillation of the roots. This method captures the essential oils from the root material.
Purification: The extracted oil may undergo further purification to remove impurities and concentrate specific components.
Standardization: The oil is standardized to ensure consistent levels of the key components and maintain its quality.
Applications
Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil is used in:
Aromatherapy: For its complex aroma profile and potential therapeutic effects, including its stimulating and soothing properties.
Fragrances: In perfumes and scented products for its rich, multi-layered scent.
Personal Care Products: In products such as body oils, lotions, and balms for its aromatic qualities and potential benefits for the skin.
Safety
Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, due to its complex chemical composition, it is important to adhere to recommended concentrations to avoid potential irritation or allergic reactions. Individuals with sensitive skin or allergies to any of the components should use the product with caution.
Cosmetic safety
Restricted cosmetic ingredient as III/360 R3 a Relevant Item in the Annexes of the European Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Substance or ingredient reported: Safrole, except for normal content in the natural essences used and provided that the concentration does not exceed: 100 ppm in the finished cosmetic product, 50 ppm in products for dental and oral hygiene, and provided that Safrole is not present in toothpastes intended specifically for children
Environmental and Safety Considerations
The production of Cinnamomum camphora formosana root oil should follow environmentally responsible practices to minimize ecological impact. Sustainable harvesting methods and efficient extraction processes are essential to reduce waste and protect the camphor tree populations. Proper labeling and handling are important to ensure safe and effective use of the oil in various applications.
INCI
Perfuming. Unlike fragrance, which can also contain slightly less pleasant or characteristic odours, the term perfume indicates only very pleasant fragrances. Used for perfumes and aromatic raw materials.
Synonyms:
CAS: 92704-03-5 EC number 296-431-9
