Lactose-free skimmed milk powder is a dairy product made from skimmed milk that has had the lactose removed. This process involves adding lactase, an enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, making it suitable for individuals who are lactose intolerant. The powder retains the nutritional benefits of milk, including proteins, vitamins, and minerals, while having a lower fat content due to the skimming process. It is commonly used in baking, cooking, and as a nutritional supplement.

Nutrition Facts

• Calories per 100g: Approximately 360–370 kcal
• Fat: 1–2g
• Carbohydrates: 55–60g (of which sugars: 50g)
• Protein: 34–36g
• Calcium: Approximately 1,200 mg

Nutritional values can vary based on the specific brand and formulation.

Chemical Composition and Structure
Lactose-free skimmed milk powder is primarily composed of:

• Proteins: Mainly casein and whey proteins, which provide essential amino acids.
• Carbohydrates: Predominantly glucose and galactose from the breakdown of lactose.
• Minerals: Rich in calcium, phosphorus, and potassium.
• Vitamins: Includes vitamin A, vitamin D, and B vitamins, although some vitamins may be reduced during processing.

The powder has a fine, dry texture and is typically white to off-white in color.

Physical Properties

• Appearance: Fine, dry powder, usually white to off-white.
• Taste: Mildly sweet due to the presence of glucose and galactose.
• Solubility: Highly soluble in water, forming a smooth liquid when mixed.
• Moisture Content: Generally low (around 3–4%), which contributes to its shelf stability.

Production Process

1. Skimming: Whole milk is processed to remove cream, resulting in skimmed milk.
2. Lactose Removal: Lactase enzyme is added to the skimmed milk to break down lactose.
3. Concentration: The lactose-free skimmed milk is concentrated through evaporation to reduce water content.
4. Spray Drying: The concentrated milk is spray-dried to produce a fine powder.
5. Packaging: The powder is packaged in airtight containers to preserve freshness.

Applications

• Baking: Used in recipes for bread, pastries, and cakes to enhance flavor and texture.
• Beverages: Commonly added to smoothies, protein shakes, and other drinks for nutritional supplementation.
• Dairy Products: Utilized in the production of cheese, yogurt, and ice cream.
• Infant Formula: Often included in formulations for lactose-intolerant infants.

Environmental and Safety Considerations

Lactose-free skimmed milk powder is generally recognized as safe for consumption. However, individuals with a milk allergy should avoid it. The dairy industry faces sustainability challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions and water usage, so sourcing from sustainable farms is recommended.