Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Powder is derived from the outer rind of the mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana), known for its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The pericarp, or outer peel, of the fruit is particularly rich in xanthones, bioactive compounds that protect the skin from oxidative damage, enhance cell regeneration, and have soothing effects on the skin. This ingredient is widely used in cosmetics to improve skin health and protect against environmental damage.

Chemical Composition and Structure

Itcontains high concentrations of xanthones (such as alpha-mangostin), polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, which give it strong antioxidant properties. These compounds have a polyphenolic chemical structure that neutralizes free radicals, prevents cellular damage, and helps reduce skin inflammation. Xanthones are considered some of the most powerful natural antioxidants.

Physical Properties

This powder is dark brown or purplish in color, with a fine texture. It is soluble in water and alcohol, making it easy to incorporate into a wide range of cosmetic formulations. Due to its richness in antioxidants and healing compounds, the powder is well-suited to protecting the skin from free radical damage and promoting skin regeneration.

Production Process

The pericarp of the Garcinia Mangostana fruit is dried and then finely ground into powder. During production, care is taken to preserve the concentration of active compounds such as xanthones and polyphenols to ensure the ingredient's potency and efficacy in cosmetic applications.

• Harvesting the Pericarp: The pericarp of Garcinia mangostana, which is the outer rind of the fruit, is sustainably harvested from ripe fruits. It is essential to collect the pericarp without damaging the plant.

• Drying: After harvesting, the pericarp is cleaned and subjected to a drying process to remove moisture. This step is crucial for preserving the active properties and facilitating subsequent grinding.

• Milling: The dried pericarp is then ground into a fine powder using mills or grinders. This process allows for a uniform consistency, enhancing the bioavailability of the active compounds.

• Filtration: The resulting powder may be sifted to remove larger particles and achieve a finer powder, if necessary.

• Quality Control and Packaging: Finally, Garcinia mangostana pericarp powder undergoes quality control checks to verify its purity, composition, and compliance with standards. After analysis, it is packaged for distribution and use in dietary supplements and cosmetic products.

Applications

• Skincare: The pericarp powder is used in creams, lotions, and masks for its ability to protect the skin from oxidative damage and enhance regeneration. It is ideal for skin prone to premature aging and environmental stress.

• Anti-aging Products: With its high antioxidant content, the powder is often included in anti-aging products to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and improve skin elasticity.

INCI Functions:

Antioxidant agent. Ingredient that counteracts oxidative stress and prevents cell damage. Free radicals, pathological inflammatory processes, reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species are responsible for the ageing process and many diseases caused by oxidation.

Hair conditioning agent. A significant number of ingredients with specific and targeted purposes may co-exist in hair shampoo formulations: cleansers, conditioners, thickeners, matting agents, sequestering agents, fragrances, preservatives, special additives. However, the indispensable ingredients are the cleansers and conditioners as they are necessary and sufficient for hair cleansing and manageability. The others act as commercial and non-essential auxiliaries such as: appearance, fragrance, colouring, etc. Hair conditioning agents have the task of increasing shine, manageability and volume, and reducing static electricity, especially after treatments such as colouring, ironing, waving, drying and brushing. They are, in practice, dispersants that may contain cationic surfactants, thickeners, emollients, polymers. The typology of hair conditioning agents includes: intensive conditioners, instant conditioners, thickening conditioners, drying conditioners. They can perform their task generally accompanied by other different ingredients.

Skin conditioning agent. It is the mainstay of topical skin treatment as it has the function of restoring, increasing or improving skin tolerance to external factors, including melanocyte tolerance. The most important function of the conditioning agent is to prevent skin dehydration, but the subject is rather complex and involves emollients and humectants that can be added in the formulation.

CAS: 90045-25-3     289-884-9

• Soothing and Anti-inflammatory Products: Used in products for sensitive or irritated skin, the powder helps calm inflammation and reduce redness due to its anti-inflammatory properties.

Health and Safety Considerations

Safety in Use
Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Powder is considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is well tolerated by the skin and does not typically cause irritation. Major regulatory authorities, such as the European Union and the FDA, approve its use in skincare and cosmetic formulations.

Allergic Reactions
Allergic reactions to Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Powder are rare. However, as with any natural ingredient, a patch test is recommended before use, especially for individuals with sensitive skin or known allergies.

Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
Its antioxidant compounds are considered beneficial for skin health, providing protection against cellular damage.

Environmental Considerations
Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Powder is a natural and biodegradable product derived from a renewable resource. Sustainable harvesting of the fruit ensures that the environment is not harmed and that natural resources are preserved.

Regulatory Status
Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Powder is approved for use in cosmetic products by major regulatory authorities, including the European Union and the FDA in the United States. It is widely used in anti-aging, regenerative, and protective skincare formulations.

References__________________________________________________________________________

Shan T, Ma Q, Guo K, Liu J, Li W, Wang F, Wu E. Xanthones from mangosteen extracts as natural chemopreventive agents: potential anticancer drugs. Curr Mol Med. 2011 Nov;11(8):666-77. doi: 10.2174/156652411797536679. 

Abstract. Despite decades of research, the treatment and management of malignant tumors still remain a formidable challenge for public health. New strategies for cancer treatment are being developed, and one of the most promising treatment strategies involves the application of chemopreventive agents. The search for novel and effective cancer chemopreventive agents has led to the identification of various naturally occurring compounds. Xanthones, from the pericarp, whole fruit, heartwood, and leaf of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn., GML), are known to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacologic properties, including antioxidant, anti- tumor, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral activities. The potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities of xanthones have been demonstrated in different stages of carcinogenesis (initiation, promotion, and progression) and are known to control cell division and growth, apoptosis, inflammation, and metastasis. Multiple lines of evidence from numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that xanthones inhibit proliferation of a wide range of human tumor cell types by modulating various targets and signaling transduction pathways. Here we provide a concise and comprehensive review of preclinical data and assess the observed anticancer effects of xanthones, supporting its remarkable potential as an anticancer agent.

Barua A, Choudhury P, Mandal S, Panda CK, Saha P. Therapeutic potential of xanthones from Swertia chirata in breast cancer cells. Indian J Med Res. 2020 Sep;152(3):285-295. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1153_18.

Abstract. Background & objectives: Medicinal plants like Swertia chirata are rich sources of different xanthones. This study was aimed to assess the cytotoxic potential of four most abundant xanthones present in S. chirata both in vivo and in vitro in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), a mouse transplantable breast carcinoma cell line and two human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231).....Results: Among all the xanthones tested XD showed IC50at the lowest dose, and normal cells were unaffected at this dose. Survivability of mice increased significantly when treated with XD compared to other xanthones and cisplatin. Significantly increased ROS and LPO were found in cancer cells as a result of XD treatment which was unaltered in normal cell line. XD induced DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Interpretation & conclusions: Our experimental data indicate that XD may potentially act as a chemotherapeutic agent by enhancing ROS in breast cancer cells thereby leading to apoptosis.

Feng Z, Lu X, Gan L, Zhang Q, Lin L. Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis. Molecules. 2020 Jan 30;25(3):598. doi: 10.3390/molecules25030598.

Abstract. Inflammation is the body's self-protective response to multiple stimulus, from external harmful substances to internal danger signals released after trauma or cell dysfunction. Many diseases are considered to be related to inflammation, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches include mainly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids, which are generally of limited effectiveness and severe side-effects. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Xanthones, a unique scaffold with a 9H-Xanthen-9-one core structure, widely exist in natural sources. Till now, over 250 xanthones were isolated and identified in plants from the families Gentianaceae and Hypericaceae. Many xanthones have been disclosed with anti-inflammatory properties on different models, either in vitro or in vivo. Herein, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of xanthones with anti-inflammatory properties, and analyzed their drug likeness, which might be potential therapeutic agents to fight against inflammation-related diseases.

Nauman MC, Johnson JJ. The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana): Defining the anticancer potential of selected xanthones. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Jan;175:106032. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106032. 

Panda SS, Chand M, Sakhuja R, Jain SC. Xanthones as potential antioxidants. Curr Med Chem. 2013;20(36):4481-507. doi: 10.2174/09298673113209990144. 

Klein-Júnior LC, Campos A, Niero R, Corrêa R, Vander Heyden Y, Filho VC. Xanthones and Cancer: from Natural Sources to Mechanisms of Action. Chem Biodivers. 2020 Feb;17(2):e1900499. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201900499.