Burundi, located in East Africa, is one of the smallest countries on the African continent. It borders Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, with a small opening on Lake Tanganyika. The capital is Gitega, while the largest city and main economic center is Bujumbura. Historically, Burundi and neighboring Rwanda were part of a single kingdom before colonialism. The country was colonized by Germany and later by Belgium, becoming independent in 1962. Burundi's post-colonial history has been marked by periods of political instability and ethnic conflicts, particularly between the Hutu and Tutsi groups. Burundi's economy is one of the least developed in the world, with agriculture forming the backbone of the economy. Most of the population is engaged in subsistence farming, and coffee is one of the main export products. Burundi's population is primarily composed of three ethnic groups: Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa. Kirundi and French are the official languages, with English also recognized. Burundian society is deeply influenced by local traditions and culture. Culturally, Burundi is known for its traditional drums, which are an important symbol of national culture and are often used in ceremonies and festivities. Geographically, Burundi is characterized by a hilly landscape with altitudes that vary greatly. This landscape offers a relatively temperate climate and contributes to the country’s biodiversity, despite its small size. Population of Burundi from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Approximately 11.2 million inhabitants. 2019: Approximately 11.5 million inhabitants. 2020: Approximately 11.8 million inhabitants. Capital (Bujumbura): Population in 2020: About 536,000 inhabitants. Top 10 cities by number of inhabitants in 2020: (Figures are approximate) Bujumbura: 536,000 Gitega: 23,167 Muyinga: 71,076 Ngozi: 21,506 Ruyigi: 38,458 Bururi: 19,740 Makamba: 19,642 Kayanza: 19,443 Muramvya: 18,041 Cibitoke: 17,450 Burundi is divided into 18 provinces.