Chad, located in Central Africa, is a vast landlocked country known for its desert landscape and cultural diversity. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. The capital is N'Djamena, located near the border with Cameroon. Historically, the territory of Chad has been inhabited by various indigenous populations for thousands of years. During the colonial period, it was part of French Equatorial Africa, gaining independence from France in 1960. Chad has faced numerous post-independence challenges, including internal conflicts and tensions with neighboring countries. Chad's economy is heavily dependent on agriculture and livestock, with a growing importance of the oil sector. However, despite its natural riches, the country remains among the least developed in the world, with significant challenges in terms of infrastructure and public services. Chad's population comprises over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups, contributing to a rich cultural diversity. Arabic and French are the official languages, but many indigenous languages are spoken throughout the country. Chadian society is characterized by a variety of cultural and religious practices. Culturally, Chad is known for its traditional music, crafts and dances. Traditional festivals and celebrations play an important role in the social life of the country. Geographically, Chad is dominated by the Sahara desert to the north, while to the south are more fertile areas and Lake Chad, once one of the largest lakes in Africa, now significantly reduced due to climate change and human use. This diversity of landscapes contributes to the diversity of ecosystems and biodiversity in the country. Population of Chad from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Approximately 15.5 million inhabitants. 2019: Approximately 15.9 million inhabitants. 2020: Approximately 16.4 million inhabitants. Capital (N'Djamena): Population in 2020: About 1.5 million inhabitants. Top 10 cities by number of inhabitants in 2020: (Figures are approximate) N'Djamena: 1.5 million Moundou: 137,251 Sarh: 102,528 Abéché: 97,963 Kélo: 42,533 Koumra: 36,263 Pala: 35,466 Am Timan: 28,885 Bongor: 27,770 Mongo: 27,763 Chad is divided into 23 regions.