Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country located in Central Africa. It consists of a mainland region called Rio Muni, and islands including Bioko, where the capital, Malabo, is located, and other smaller islands like Annobón. It borders Cameroon to the north, Gabon to the south and east, and overlooks the Gulf of Guinea to the west. Historically, the region was influenced by various empires and traders, including Portuguese, Dutch, and British, before becoming a Spanish colony. Equatorial Guinea gained independence from Spain in 1968. Equatorial Guinea's economy underwent a significant transformation with the discovery of large oil reserves in the 1990s. This led to a rapid increase in GDP per capita, but the wealth has not been evenly distributed, with persistent issues of poverty and inequality. The population of Equatorial Guinea comprises several ethnic groups, including the Fang, Bubi, and Ndowe. The official languages are Spanish, French, and Portuguese, but local languages such as Fang and Bubi are also spoken. The society is characterized by rich cultural diversity, with both African and colonial influences. Culturally, Equatorial Guinea is known for its traditional music and dance, as well as crafts and art. Music and dance play an important role in cultural celebrations and festivals. Geographically, Equatorial Guinea is characterized by a varied landscape, with coastal regions, rainforests, and volcanoes. Bioko, the main island, is of volcanic origin and is home to the Pico Basile, the highest point of the country. The climate is tropical, with a rainy season and a dry season. Population of Equatorial Guinea from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Approximately 1.3 million inhabitants. 2019: Approximately 1.35 million inhabitants. 2020: Approximately 1.4 million inhabitants. Capital (Malabo): Population in 2020: About 297,000 inhabitants. Top 10 cities by number of inhabitants in 2020: (Figures are approximate) Bata: 250,770 Malabo: 297,000 Ebebiyin: 24,831 Aconibe: 11,192 Añisoc: 10,192 Luba: 8,655 Evinayong: 8,462 Mongomo: 6,393 Mikomeseng: 5,813 Rebola: 5.450 Equatorial Guinea is divided in 8 provinces.