Tissue specificity and differential effects on in vitro plant growth of single bacterial endophytes isolated from the roots, leaves and rhizospheric soil of Echinacea purpurea.
Maggini V, Mengoni A, Gallo ER, Biffi S, Fani R, Firenzuoli F, Bogani P.
BMC Plant Biol. 2019 Jun 28;19(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-1890-z.

Re-opening the stage for Echinacea research - Characterization of phylloxanthobilins as a novel anti-oxidative compound class in Echinacea purpurea.
Karg CA, Wang P, Vollmar AM, Moser S.
Phytomedicine. 2019 May 22:152969. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152969.

Comparison of different green-extraction techniques and determination of the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Echinacea angustifolia L. extracts.
Russo D, Faraone I, Labanca F, Sinisgalli C, Bartolo M, Andrade PB, Valentao P, Milella L.
Phytochem Anal. 2019 May 30. doi: 10.1002/pca.2847.

Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
David S, Cunningham R.
Complement Ther Med. 2019 Jun;44:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.011.

Active polyphenolic compounds, nutrient contents and antioxidant capacity of extruded fish feed containing purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.).
Oniszczuk T, Oniszczuk A, Gondek E, Guz L, Puk K, Kocira A, Kusz A, Kasprzak K, Wójtowicz A.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan;26(1):24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.11.013.

Immunomodulators Inspired by Nature: A Review on Curcumin and Echinacea.
Catanzaro M, Corsini E, Rosini M, Racchi M, Lanni C.
Molecules. 2018 Oct 26;23(11). pii: E2778. doi: 10.3390/molecules23112778. Review.

Harvest Strategies for Optimization of the Content of Bioactive Alkamides and Caffeic Acid Derivatives in Aerial Parts and in Roots of Echinacea purpurea.
Thomsen MO, Christensen LP, Grevsen K.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Nov 7;66(44):11630-11639. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03420.

Effect of Herbal Echinacea on Recurrent Minor Oral Aphthous Ulcer.
Khozeimeh F, Saberi Z, Tavangar A, Badi FF.
Open Dent J. 2018 Aug 31;12:567-571. doi: 10.2174/1874210601812010567.

Which Plant Part of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) Should be Used for Tea and Which for Tincture?
Senica M, Mlinsek G, Veberic R, Mikulic-Petkovsek M.
J Med Food. 2019 Jan;22(1):102-108. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0026.

Echinacea plants as antioxidant and antibacterial agents: From traditional medicine to biotechnological applications.
Sharifi-Rad M, Mnayer D, Morais-Braga MFB, Carneiro JNP, Bezerra CF, Coutinho HDM, Salehi B, Martorell M, Del Mar Contreras M, Soltani-Nejad A, Uribe YAH, Yousaf Z, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J.
Phytother Res. 2018 Sep;32(9):1653-1663. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6101.

Oral Echinacea exerts complete clearing of multiple facial molluscum contagiosum in a young black patient.
Dattola A, Ventura A, Mazzeo M, Bianchi L.
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Mar 26. doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.18.05879-0

Echinacea purpurea Flower/Leaf/Stem Juice is a juice of leaves, stems and flowers of the Echinacea plant.

The name defines the structure of the molecule:

• Echinacea Purpurea is the scientific name of a species of flowering plant in the daisies family, commonly known as purple coneflower. It is native to eastern North America and is known for its medicinal properties.
• Flower/Leaf/Stem indicates that all parts of the plant - flowers, leaves and stems - are used to make juice.
• Juice refers to the liquid extracted from the Echinacea purpurea plant by crushing or pressing flowers, stems and stems.

The synthesis process takes place in several stages:

• Harvest. Echinacea Purpurea plant is harvested, typically during its flowering period in early summer.
• Extraction. The flowers, leaves and stems of the plant are selected to extract the juice. This can be done through various methods such as cold pressing or steam distillation.
• Filtration. The extracted juice is filtered to remove all solid particles, resulting in free liquid.
• Storage. The juice is stored through various methods to prolong the shelf life. This could include adding preservatives, refrigeration or pasteurization.

What it is for and where

Medical

Echinacea purpurea L. (purple coneflower) belongs to the Family of Asteraceae, has very interesting properties for the immune defense of the human body and contains cichoric acid and some derivatives of caffeic acid such as polysaccarids, polyacetylene and flavonoids (1).

It is used in syrups against sore throats and against colds and flu.

It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that stimulate the immune system and help prevent infections and is used to improve healing from burns, eczema, herpes psoriasis and other dermatological diseases (2).

It is also used to improve wound-healing (3).

Echinacea Angustifolia L. also has characteristics very similar to Echinacea purpurea L.

Cosmetics

Oral care agent. This ingredient can be placed in the oral cavity to improve and/or maintain oral hygiene and health, to prevent or improve a disorder of the teeth, gums, mucous membrane. It provides cosmetic effects to the oral cavity as a protector, cleanser, deodorant.

For more information:

Echinacea studies

References______________________________________________________________________

(1) Echinacea species as potential immunostimulatory drugs. 1991  Bauer Ra, Wagner H.

(2) Echinacea – chemical composition, immunostimulatory activities and uses. Mistrikova I, Vaverkova S.  Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 16: 11-26, 2006  http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia/index.html 

(3) Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Properties of Echinacea Species Zhai Z. Ph.D. Thesis. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University; 2008.  Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15689. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15689