The most important studies on.

On Diazolidinyl urea there is a great deal of scientific literature in believing this component, which releases formaldehyde, an allergen, ie it can give contact allergies (1).

The frequency of allergies was studied in 405 patients (2).

Another study analyzed the allergic reactions of 45,000 subjects (3).

Diazolidinyl urea, when administered in the conjunctival sac of albino rabbits at a concentration of 5% (unspecified solvent), has been reported to be irritating to ocular tissues for a period of seven days, without rinsing with water (4).

The aquatic toxicity of eight preservatives often used in personal care products (Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, Bronopol, Diazolidinyl urea, benzalkonium chloride, zinc pyrithione, propylparaben, triclosan and a mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylchloroisotholinone) has been evaluated . The examined preservatives showed considerable toxicity in the studied biological assays (5).

Other studies

Topical therapeutic corneal and scleral tissue cross-linking solutions: in vitro formaldehyde release studies using cosmetic preservatives.
Takaoka A, Cao K, Oste EM, Nagasaki T, Paik DC.
Biosci Rep. 2019 May 3;39(5). pii: BSR20182392. doi: 10.1042/BSR20182392. Print 2019 May 31

Effects of Several Cosmetic Preservatives on ROS-Dependent Apoptosis of Rat Neural Progenitor Cells.
Ryu O, Park BK, Bang M, Cho KS, Lee SH, Gonzales ELT, Yang SM, Kim S, Eun PH, Lee JY, Kim KB, Shin CY, Kwon KJ.
Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2018 Nov 1;26(6):608-615. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.221.

An insight into toxicity and human-health-related adverse consequences of cosmeceuticals - A review.
Bilal M, Iqbal HMN.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 20;670:555-568. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.261.

References_________________________________________________

(1) The Spanish standard patch test series: 2016 update by the Spanish Contact Dermatitis and Skin Allergy Research Group (GEIDAC).
Hervella-Garcés M, García-Gavín J, Silvestre-Salvador JF; en representación del Grupo Español de Investigación en Dermatitis de Contacto y Alergia Cutánea (GEIDAC).  Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016 Sep;107(7):559-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.04.009

(2) Preservatives as important etiologic factors of allergic contact dermatitis.
Kręcisz B, Chomiczewska-Skóra D, Kieć-Świerczyńska M.  Med Pr. 2015;66(3):327-32. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00176.

(3) Human Cumulative Irritation Tests of Common Preservatives Used in Personal Care Products: A Retrospective Analysis of Over 45 000 Subjects.
Walters RM, Khanna P, Hamilton M, Mays DA, Telofski L.  Toxicol Sci. 2015 Nov;148(1):101-7. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv158.

(4) Final report on the safety assessment of diazolidinyl urea. Int J Toxicol. 1990; 9: 229–245.

(5) Personal care product preservatives: risk assessment and mixture toxicities with an industrial wastewater.
Carbajo JB, Perdigón-Melón JA, Petre AL, Rosal R, Letón P, García-Calvo E.
Water Res. 2015 Apr 1;72:174-85. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.040.

Diazolidinyl urea is a chemical compound, a preservative used in industry and cosmetics.

The name describes the structure of the molecule.

• Diazolidinyl indicates the presence of a diazolidine ring structure, which is a type of cyclic compound.
• urea refers to the presence of the urea functional group, which consists of a carbonyl (C=O) bonded to two amine (-NH2) groups.

Function of the Components

Diazolidinyl urea is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It works by releasing formaldehyde, which prevents the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms.

Raw Materials Used in Production.

• Allantoin: A compound derived from uric acid.
• Formaldehyde: A volatile organic compound.
• Urea: An organic compound produced from protein degradation.

Step-by-step Summary of Industrial Production Process.

• Preparation of Urea and Allantoin. Both are purified and readied for reaction.
• Condensation. Allantoin and urea undergo a condensation reaction in the presence of formaldehyde.
• Purification. Removal of impurities through various purification processes.
• Neutralization. The product might be neutralized if required.

Form and Color.

Diazolidinyl urea appears as a white to slightly yellowish powder.

This substance is used in the following products:

Cosmetic Industry. Used as a preservative in a wide range of cosmetic products, such as creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup products.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties. It helps prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in products, extending their shelf life.

Skincare Products. Found in moisturizers, toners, serums, and other skincare items.

• pH regulators
• water treatment products
• laboratory chemicals
• washing & cleaning products.
• formulation of industrial mixtures
• fillers
• putties
• plasters
• modelling clay 

Diazolidinyl urea studies

Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₄N₄O₇

Molecular Weight: 278.221 g/mol

UNII: H5RIZ3MPW4

CAS: 78491-02-8

EC Number: 278-928-2

PubChem Substance ID 57654106

MDL number MFCD03547942

Synonyms:

• 1-(1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea
• Imidazolidinyl urea 11
• N-(1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-
• Urea, N-(1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)-
• Urea, N-(1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl-N,N'-bis(hyd- roxymethyl)-
• N-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo(1,3-diazolidin-4-yl)]-N-(hydroxymethyl)[(h ydroxymethyl)amino]carboxamide
• N,N'-Bis(hydroxymethyl) urea
• DSSTox_CID_9559
• 1-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea
• DSSTox_RID_78776
• N-(1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea
• N-(Hydroxymethyl)-N-(1,3-dihydroxymethyl-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N'-(hydroxymethyl) urea
• N-(Hydroxymethyl)-N-(1,3-dihydroxymethyl-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N'-(hydroxymethyl)urea
• n-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-n,n'-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea
• Urea, N-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)-
• DSSTox_GSID_29559
• W-104279
• Germall II
• Germall 11
• CHEMBL3187032
• DTXSID0029559
• CHEBI:136014
• Tox21_202068
• Tox21_303365
• AC1L1WT2
• AC1Q7DD1
• SCHEMBL34370
• AC1Q6F57
• SBB003028
• AKOS016010254
• CHM0029140
• MCULE-9508067464
• 5-(1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)ureido)-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazol-2,5(3H,5H)dione
• KS-0000093H
• NCGC00249159-01
• NCGC00257237-01
• NCGC00259617-01
• AK115000
• AN-36631
• O201
• ST056226
• SY033470
• AX8124122
• LS-159067
• D3769
• FT-0641680
• ST24026808

References_________________________________________________________________________

(1)  Jackson EM. Formalehyde in personal care products.  Jackson EM.  Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(5):236-40. doi: 10.1159/000338429. Epub 2012 Jun 13.

(2) Carbajo JB, Perdigón-Melón JA, Petre AL, Rosal R, Letón P, García-Calvo E. Personal care product preservatives: risk assessment and mixture toxicities with an industrial wastewater.  Water Res. 2015 Apr 1;72:174-85. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.040.