Magnesium sulphate is used intravenously as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of asthma exacerbations in children with acute asthma (1).
Eclampsia is a hypertensive disease of pregnancy that is defined as the onset of epileptic seizures based on preeclampsia and is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. Currently, magnesium sulfate is the most effective treatment (2).
Axonal damage is one of the most common and serious types of traumatic brain injury after road accidents and early treatment with magnesium sulfate resulted in a significant improvement (3).
Magnesium has been shown to have antinociceptive effects (those sensory processes that receive the perception of pain) and magnesium sulfate administered intravenously, delayed and decreased the need for analgesics after spinal anesthesia (4).
The anaesthesia technique for paediatric cochlear implantation should be modified to achieve an optimised surgical field and allow neuromonitoring. Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) provides good surgical condition without affecting intraoperative electrical stapaedial reflex threshold (ESRT). Though magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is a cheap, readily available drug for controlled hypotension, it can decrease the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MgSO4 infusion on quality of surgical field, intraoperative ESRT, and anaesthetic requirements in paediatric cochlear implant surgery performed under TIVA. Magnesium sulphate IV infusion optimised surgical field and decreased anaesthetic requirements without attenuating the ESRT in paediatric cochlear implant surgery performed under TIVA (5).
References_________________________________________
(1) Clinical pharmacokinetics of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of children with severe acute asthma.
Rower JE, Liu X, Yu T, Mundorff M, Sherwin CM, Johnson MD.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Dec
(2) Magnesium Sulfate Provides Neuroprotection in Eclampsia-Like Seizure Model by Ameliorating Neuroinflammation and Brain Edema.
Li X, Han X, Yang J, Bao J, Di X, Zhang G, Liu H.
Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Nov
(3) The effects of magnesium sulfate therapy after severe diffuse axonal injury.
Zhao L, Wang W, Zhong J, Li Y, Cheng Y, Su Z, Zheng W, Guan XD.
Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2016 Sep
(4) Magnesium sulfate for postoperative analgesia after surgery under spinal anesthesia.
Shah PN, Dhengle Y.
Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2016 Jun
(5) Magnesium sulphate optimises surgical field without attenuation of the stapaedius reflex in paediatric cochlear implant surgery.
Bakhet WZ, Wahba HA, El Fiky LM, Debis H.
Indian J Anaesth. 2019 Apr;63(4):304-309. doi: 10.4103/ija.IJA_754_18.
Magnesium sulfate 
