Nutritional quality of almond, canarium, cashew and pistachio and their oil photooxidative stability.
Bai SH, Brooks P, Gama R, Nevenimo T, Hannet G, Hannet D, Randall B, Walton D, Grant E, Wallace HM.
J Food Sci Technol. 2019 Feb;56(2):792-798. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3539-6.

Evaluation of the protective and therapeutic effects of Pistacia atlantica gum aqueous extract on cellular and pathological aspects of experimental asthma in Balb/c mice.
Shakarami Z, Esmaeili Gouvrchin Ghaleh H, Mansouri Motlagh B, Sheikhian A, Jalali Kondori B.
Avicenna J Phytomed. 2019 May-Jun;9(3):248-259.

Cumulative risk assessment of pesticide residues in different Iranian pistachio cultivars: Applying the source specific HQS and adversity specific HIA approaches in Real Life Risk Simulations (RLRS).
Taghizadeh SF, Goumenou M, Rezaee R, Alegakis T, Kokaraki V, Anesti O, Sarigiannis DA, Tsatsakis A, Karimi G.
Toxicol Lett. 2019 May 22. pii: S0378-4274(19)30156-0. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.05.019.

Pistachio consumption modulates DNA oxidation and genes related to telomere maintenance: a crossover randomized clinical trial.
Canudas S, Hernández-Alonso P, Galié S, Muralidharan J, Morell-Azanza L, Zalba G, García-Gavilán J, Martí A, Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;109(6):1738-1745. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz048.

Subcritical Fluid Extraction of Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds from Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Nuts: Experiments, Modeling, and Optimization.
Bodoira R, Velez A, Rovetto L, Ribotta P, Maestri D, Martínez M.
J Food Sci. 2019 May;84(5):963-970. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.14507

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Assess Effects of a Daily Pistachio (Pistacia Vera) Afternoon Snack on Next-Meal Energy Intake, Satiety, and Anthropometry in French Women.
Carughi A, Bellisle F, Dougkas A, Giboreau A, Feeney MJ, Higgs J.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 2;11(4). pii: E767. doi: 10.3390/nu11040767.

Cytotoxic Effects of Pistacia Atlantica (Baneh) Fruit Extract on Human KB Cancer Cell Line.
Jaafari-Ashkvandi Z, Shirazi SY, Rezaeifard S, Hamedi A, Erfani N.
Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2019;62(1):30-34. doi: 10.14712/18059694.2019.43.

Pistacia vera L. oleoresin and levofloxacin is a synergistic combination against resistant Helicobacter pylori strains.
Di Lodovico S, Napoli E, Di Campli E, Di Fermo P, Gentile D, Ruberto G, Nostro A, Marini E, Cellini L, Di Giulio M.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 15;9(1):4646. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40991-y.

Compounds from Olea europaea and Pistacia lentiscus inhibit oral microbial growth.
Karygianni L, Cecere M, Argyropoulou A, Hellwig E, Skaltsounis AL, Wittmer A, Tchorz JP, Al-Ahmad A.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Feb 26;19(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2461-4.

Pistachio is cultivated mainly in Iran, Turkey, Syria, India, Greece. In Italy it is present in Sicily. In the USA in California.

Clinical and epidemiological studies have reported the beneficial effects of nuts and peanuts on high levels of moderate hypercholesteromy (cholesterol levels above 210 mg/dL).

A diet consisting of 15% of calories as pistachio nuts (about 2-3 ounces per day) over a four week period can favorably improve some lipid profiles in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia and may reduce risk of coronary disease (1).

The health benefits of nuts, mainly in relation to the improvement of dysmetabolic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular diseases, have been widely demonstrated. Compared to other nuts, pistachios have a lower fat and caloric content, and contain the highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids, potassium, γ-tocopherol, phytosterols and xanthophyll carotenoids, all substances that are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This variety of nutrients contributes to the growing body of evidence that the consumption of pistachios improves health, leading to a greater potential of healthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, glycemic control, and endothelial function. The present review examines the nutrients and phytochemicals present in pistachios as well as the potential health benefits of including pistachios in a diet (2).

It is necessary to put the pistachios away from the light to prevent the photo oxidation from degrading the healthy properties of the kernel (3).

Pistachio studies

References_______________________________________________________

(1)  Pistachio nut consumption and serum lipid levels.
Sheridan MJ1, Cooper JN, Erario M, Cheifetz CE.  J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Apr;26(2):141-8.

Effect of pistachio nuts on serum lipid levels in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia.
Edwards K, Kwaw I, Matud J, Kurtz I.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Jun;18(3):229-32.

(2) Health benefits of pistachios consumption.  Health benefits of pistachios consumption.  Terzo S, Baldassano S, Caldara GF, Ferrantelli V, Lo Dico G, Mulè F, Amato A.  Nat Prod Res. 2019 Mar;33(5):715-726. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1408093

(3) Nutritional quality of almond, canarium, cashew and pistachio and their oil photooxidative stability.  Bai SH, Brooks P, Gama R, Nevenimo T, Hannet G, Hannet D, Randall B, Walton D, Grant E, Wallace HM.  J Food Sci Technol. 2019 Feb;56(2):792-798. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3539-6.