A review of Algerian medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes.
Hamza N, Berke B, Umar A, Cheze C, Gin H, Moore N.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Jun 28;238:111841. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111841

Marrubium vulgare L. Leave Extract: Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Wound Healing Properties.
Amri B, Martino E, Vitulo F, Corana F, Kaâb LB, Rui M, Rossi D, Mori M, Rossi S, Collina S.
Molecules. 2017 Oct 28;22(11). pii: E1851. doi: 10.3390/molecules22111851.

A Reassessment of the Marrubium Vulgare L. Herb's Potential Role in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: First Results Guide the Investigation toward New Horizons.
Rodríguez Villanueva J, Martín Esteban J, Rodríguez Villanueva L.
Medicines (Basel). 2017 Aug 2;4(3). pii: E57. doi: 10.3390/medicines4030057.

Intensification of marrubiin concentration by optimization of microwave-assisted (low CO2 yielding) extraction process for Marrubium vulgare using central composite design and antioxidant evaluation.
Mittal V, Nanda A.
Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec;55(1):1337-1347. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1297837

An investigation on cardioprotective potential of Marrubium vulgare aqueous fraction against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart.
Garjani A, Tila D, Hamedeyazdan S, Vaez H, Rameshrad M, Pashaii M, Fathiazad F.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2017;76(3):361-371. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2017.0011.

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoids content variations of leaves extracts of white Horehound (Marrubium vulgare Linné) from three geographical origins.
Bouterfas K, Mehdadi Z, Elaoufi MM, Latreche A, Benchiha W.
Ann Pharm Fr. 2016 Nov;74(6):453-462. doi: 10.1016/j.pharma.2016.07.002

An Insight into a Blockbuster Phytomedicine; Marrubium vulgare L. Herb. More of a Myth than a Reality?
Rodríguez Villanueva J, Martín Esteban J.
Phytother Res. 2016 Oct;30(10):1551-1558. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5661.

Hepatoprotective activity of white horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract against cyclophosphamide toxicity in male rats.
Ettaya A, Dhibi S, Samout N, Elfeki A, Hfaiedh N.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Apr;94(4):441-7. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0405.

Chemical constituents of Marrubium vulgare as potential inhibitors of nitric oxide and respiratory burst.
Shaheen F, Rasoola S, Shah ZA, Soomro S, Jabeen A, Mesaik MA, Choudhary MI.
Nat Prod Commun. 2014 Jul;9(7):903-6.

Marrubium vulgare L. methanolic extract inhibits inflammatory response and prevents cardiomyocyte fibrosis in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats.
Yousefi K, Fathiazad F, Soraya H, Rameshrad M, Maleki-Dizaji N, Garjani A.
Bioimpacts. 2014;4(1):21-7. doi: 10.5681/bi.2014.001. Epub 2014 Feb 27

Cardioprotective effect of methanolic extract of Marrubium vulgare L. on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats.
Yousefi K, Soraya H, Fathiazad F, Khorrami A, Hamedeyazdan S, Maleki-Dizaji N, Garjani A.
Indian J Exp Biol. 2013 Aug;51(8):653-60.

White horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.) is a perennial, aromatic herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family and blooms with white oblong flowers.
It is found in Europe, North Africa, Asia.

Inside there is the Marrubiin, a component that gives the bitter taste to the Marrubium and that has antioxidant properties.

In this study, the results show that a methanolic extract of Marrubiin protects the myocardium against acute myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol and suggests that the effects may be related to antioxidant activity (1).

Methanol extract and Marrubin diterpene obtained from Marrubian leaves have demonstrated gastroprotective properties this effect can be partly attributed to isolated diterpene (2).

In Algeria, this plant is traditionally used against diabetes and, within it have been identified flavonoids, chlorogenic acid (3).

It also exerts an analgesic action, related to the presence of steroids and terpenes detected by TLC analysis (4) and an antispasmodic activity (5).

White horehound studies

References___________________________________________

(1) Yousefi K, Soraya H, Fathiazad F, Khorrami A, Hamedeyazdan S, Maleki-Dizaji N. et al. Cardioprotective effect of methanolic extract of Marrubium vulgare L. On isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 2013;51(8):653–60

(2) de Oliveira AP, Santin JR, Lemos M, Klein Júnior LC, Couto AG, da Silva Bittencourt CM. et al. Gastroprotective activity of methanol extract and marrubiin obtained from leaves of Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011;63(9):1230–7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01321.x

(3) Boudjelal A, Henchiri C, Siracusa L, Sari M, Ruberto G. Compositional analysis and in vivo anti-diabetic activity of wild Algerian Marrubium vulgare L. infusion. Fitoterapia. 2012;83(2):286–92. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.11.005

(4) de Souza MM, de Jesus RA, Cechinel-Filho V, Schlemper V. Analgesic profile of hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Marrubium vulgare. Phytomedicine. 1998;5(2):103–7. doi: 10.1016/S0944-7113(98)80005-6

(5) Schlemper V, Ribas A, Nicolau M, Cechinel Filho V. Antispasmodic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Marrubium vulgare on isolated tissues. Phytomedicine. 1996;3(2):211–6. doi: 10.1016/S0944-7113(96)80038-9