Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.

Nag S, Manna K, Saha M, Das Saha K. Tannic acid and vitamin E loaded PLGA nanoparticles ameliorate hepatic injury in a chronic alcoholic liver damage model via EGFR-AKT-STAT3 pathway. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2020 Feb;15(3):235-257. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0340.

Michalska-Sionkowska M, Warżyńska O, Kaczmarek-Szczepańska B, Łukowicz K, Osyczka AM, Walczak M. Characterization of Collagen/Beta Glucan Hydrogels Crosslinked with Tannic Acid. Polymers (Basel). 2021 Oct 5;13(19):3412. doi: 10.3390/polym13193412.

Reed EB, Ard S, La J, Park CY, Culligan L, Fredberg JJ, Smolyaninova LV, Orlov SN, Chen B, Guzy R, Mutlu GM, Dulin NO. Anti-fibrotic effects of tannic acid through regulation of a sustained TGF-beta receptor signaling. Respir Res. 2019 Jul 29;20(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12931-019-1141-8.

Kaul R, Paul P, Kumar S, Büsselberg D, Dwivedi VD, Chaari A. Promising Antiviral Activities of Natural Flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 Targets: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 14;22(20):11069. doi: 10.3390/ijms222011069.

Kasiram MZ, Hapidin H, Abdullah H, Hashim NM, Azlina A, Sulong S. Tannic acid enhances cisplatin effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS). Pharmacol Rep. 2021 Oct 15. doi: 10.1007/s43440-021-00330-3.

 He J, Zeng L, Gong J, He Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Xu N, Wang Q. Effects of two contrasting dietary polysaccharides and tannic acid on the digestive and physicochemical properties of wheat starch. Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Aug 31;9(10):5800-5808. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2559.

Gwak MA, Hong BM, Seok JM, Park SA, Park WH. Effect of tannic acid on the mechanical and adhesive properties of catechol-modified hyaluronic acid hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Sep 25;191:699-705. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.123.

Cho YS, Kim S, Kim YK, Jin SG, Park JH. Resveratrol-β-Lactoglobulin Composite Nanocoating by Layer-by-Layer Assembly with Fe(III)-Tannic Acid Complex. Chem Asian J. 2021 Sep 27. doi: 10.1002/asia.202100923.

 Lee H, Bang JB, Na YG, Lee JY, Cho CW, Baek JS, Lee HK. Development and Evaluation of Tannic Acid-Coated Nanosuspension for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin. Pharmaceutics. 2021 Sep 13;13(9):1460. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091460. 

Sehati F, Ahmadi I, Farivar N, Ranjbaran M, Sadat-Shirazi MS, Nabavizadeh F, Mahla Shavakandi S, Ashabi G. Tannic acid protects aged brain against cerebral hypoperfusion via modulation of Nrf2 and inflammatory pathways. Neurosci Lett. 2021 Sep 22;765:136263. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136263.

 Arunagiri V, Tsai HC, Darge HF, Chiang HW, Thankachan D, Mei CJ, Lai JY. Preparation of physically crosslinked polyelectrolyte Gelatin-Tannic acid-κ-Carrageenan (GTC) microparticles as hemostatic agents. Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Sep 14;191:324-334. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.008.

Tannic acid is a phenolic acid, a naturally occurring polyphenol. It has antibacterial and antiviral properties and has been successfully used to combat HIV, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Papilloma virus, Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, SARS-CoV-2 (by dual inhibition of the viral major protease and the cellular protease TMPRSS2) (1) and others. It basically prevents viral entry into cells.

Tannic acid statistically improved recovery after warm ischemia but not after cold ischemia, and this study concluded that tannic acid was able to improve renal recovery after warm renal ischemia with an antioxidant effect presumably extended by the production of its derivatives in the body and promoted cell regeneration during hypoxia. Hot ischemia and cold ischemia require specific therapeutic strategies (2).

Tannic acid may contribute to the treatment of inflammation by decreasing myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (3) and plays an important role as a biomaterial because it can capture free radicals and form complexes with metal ions.

Higher concentrations of tannic acid could reduce activated partial thromboplastin and plasma prothrombin times, and various concentrations of tannic acid could affect reaction time, clotting time, clot aggregation rate, and maximum clot strength of whole blood coagulation. These results provide a basis for the design of tannic acid molecules and its possible application in biomedicine (4) and with particular regard to wound healing (5).

Excessive exposure to UV radiation is a major factor in skin aging, erythema, burns and skin cancer. Two natural materials, hyaluronic acid and tannic acid have shown broad-spectrum UV protection, excellent adhesion to the skin surface, antioxidant activity, cooling effect and high moisture content (6).

Tannic acid studies

Molecular Formula: C₇₆H₅₂O₄₆

Molecular Weight: 1701.2

CAS: 1401-55-4

UNII 28F9E0DJY6

EC Number: 215-753-2    226-562-9 

DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID2026076

MDL number  MFCD00066397

PubChem Substance ID 329751222

NACRES: NA.24

Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 8186396

Synonym:

• Tannin
• Tannins
• Gallotannic acid
• Gallotannin

References________________________________________________________________________

(1) Wang SC, Chen Y, Wang YC, Wang WJ, Yang CS, Tsai CL, Hou MH, Chen HF, Shen YC, Hung MC. Tannic acid suppresses SARS-CoV-2 as a dual inhibitor of the viral main protease and the cellular TMPRSS2 protease. Am J Cancer Res. 2020 Dec 1;10(12):4538-4546.

(2) Alechinsky L, Favreau F, Cechova P, Inal S, Faye PA, Ory C, Thuillier R, Barrou B, Trouillas P, Guillard J, Hauet T. Tannic Acid Improves Renal Function Recovery after Renal Warm Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Rat Model. Biomolecules. 2020 Mar 12;10(3):439. doi: 10.3390/biom10030439. 

(3) Soyocak A, Kurt H, Cosan DT, Saydam F, Calis IU, Kolac UK, Koroglu ZO, Degirmenci I, Mutlu FS, Gunes HV. Tannic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on formalin-induced paw edema model of inflammation in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2019 Nov;38(11):1296-1301. doi: 10.1177/0960327119864154.

(4) Deng L, Qi Y, Liu Z, Xi Y, Xue W. Effect of tannic acid on blood components and functions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Dec 1;184:110505. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110505.

(5) Kaczmarek B, Mazur O, Miłek O, Michalska-Sionkowska M, Osyczka AM, Kleszczyński K. Development of tannic acid-enriched materials modified by poly(ethylene glycol) for potential applications as wound dressing. Prog Biomater. 2020 Sep;9(3):115-123. doi: 10.1007/s40204-020-00136-1.

(6) Gwak MA, Hong BM, Park WH. Hyaluronic acid/tannic acid hydrogel sunscreen with excellent anti-UV, antioxidant, and cooling effects. Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Sep 29;191:918-924. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.169.