Sodium carboxymethyl starch or Sodium-CMS is a plant polysaccharide, an important vegetable starch. Primarily extracted from maize which is modified by carboxymethyl to become etherified starch sodium salt (modified starch sodium salt), anionic. Resists amylase in vitro In the small intestine it is not hydrolyzed by D-glucose in the small intestine... (Read the full Tiiip)
Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.Grabowska B, Sitarz M, Olejnik E, Kaczmarska K, Tyliszczak B. FT-IR and FT-Raman studies of cross-linking ...
Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.
Grabowska B, Sitarz M, Olejnik E, Kaczmarska K, Tyliszczak B. FT-IR and FT-Raman studies of cross-linking processes with Ca²⁺ ions, glutaraldehyde and microwave radiation for polymer composition of poly(acrylic acid)/sodium salt of carboxymethyl starch - In moulding sands, Part II. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2015 Dec 5;151:27-33. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.084.
Abstract. The highest hardening level obtain moulding sand samples containing binders in a form of the aqueous composition of poly(acrylic acid)/sodium salt of carboxymethyl starch (PAA/CMS-Na) within the microwave radiation field, for which the bending strength is of 1.6 MPa value even after 24h from ending the agent activity.
Zhang M, Yang P, Lan G, Liu Y, Cai Q, Xi J. High crosslinked sodium carboxyl methylstarch-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) resin for heavy metal adsorption: its characteristics and mechanisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Nov;27(31):38617-38630. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09945-0.
Abstract. Our research puts forward an insight that increasing the crosslinker content on the basis of the traditional super absorbent resin can obtain a lower expansive adsorbent to heavy metal pollutants.
Kaczmarska K, Grabowska B, Bobrowski A, Cukrowicz S. Effects of curing conditions on the structure of sodium carboxymethyl starch/mineral matrix system: FT-IR investigation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2018 Aug 5;201:236-241. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.049.
Abstract. Strength properties of the microwave cured molding sands containing binders in a form of the aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS-Na) are higher than the same molding composition cured by conventional heating.
Cheng Z, Lin H, Wang Z, Yang X, Zhang M, Liu X, Wang B, Wu Z, Chen D. Preparation and characterization of dissolving hyaluronic acid composite microneedles loaded micelles for delivery of curcumin. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2020 Oct;10(5):1520-1530. doi: 10.1007/s13346-020-00735-2.
Abstract. The microneedles matrix solution was prepared by screening the optimal concentration of HA and the better proportion of HA to sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS-Na).
Mizuyachi K, Hara K, Wakamatsu A, Nohda S, Hirama T. Safety and pharmacokinetic evaluation of intravenous colistin methanesulfonate sodium in Japanese healthy male subjects. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Dec;27(12):2261-70. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2011.626557.
Abstract. CMS-Na was safely administered to healthy volunteers but resulted in transient increase of urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and protein. Based on this study, the highest recommended dose of CMS-Na had sufficient bacteriostatic effect.
Sodium carboxymethyl starch or Sodium-CMS is a plant polysaccharide, an important vegetable starch. Primarily extracted from maize which is modified by carboxymethyl to become etherified starch sodium ...
Sodium carboxymethyl starch or Sodium-CMS is a plant polysaccharide, an important vegetable starch. Primarily extracted from maize which is modified by carboxymethyl to become etherified starch sodium salt (modified starch sodium salt), anionic. Resists amylase in vitro In the small intestine it is not hydrolyzed by D-glucose in the small intestine, but can be fermented in the colon by anaerobic bacteria (1).
Electrolyte soluble in cold water. Insoluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform and other organic solvents. In aqueous solution above 80°C there is a decrease in viscosity.
It is most commonly called in its abbreviated form CMS-Na.
Carboxymethyl starch ether was first produced in 1924 and as an industrial product in 1940.
Sodium carboxymethyl starch is a carboxymethyl derivative of starch. It is produced by reacting starch with chloroacetic acid, thus producing carboxymethylated starch, which is then neutralized with a sodium hydroxide solution.
Description of raw materials used in production.
Starch. This can be derived from various plant sources like corn, potatoes, rice, or wheat.
Chloroacetic acid. A derivative of acetic acid, it's used as the reagent to introduce the carboxymethyl group.
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Used to neutralize the chloroacetic acid and convert carboxymethylated starch into its sodium salt.
Step-by-step summary of its industrial chemical synthesis process.
Starch is suspended in water and heated.
Chloroacetic acid is added to the suspension, and the reaction is allowed to proceed.
Once carboxymethylation is complete, the reaction is neutralized with sodium hydroxide, converting the carboxymethylated starch into its sodium salt.
The product is then purified, filtered, and dried.
It comes in the form of a fine, white or slightly yellow powder It is not toxic, hardly attacked by mold if the degree of substitution is greater than 0.2,
Commercially it is a modified starch that is produced in two types: carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and pregelatinized starch. Depending on the raw materials used for preparation, it is marketed as pregelatinized corn starch and pregelatinized tapioca/cassava starch.
Detergents and cleaners. It has the ability to improve suspension dispersion and prevents dirt particles or pollutants from entering the suspension.
Construction. Stucco powder, waterproof wall stucco, cement plastering mortar, cement insulation cracking mortar, tile adhesives, drywall. In cement and gypsum processing, it is used with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a thickener, resists cracking, improves the workability of raw materials, and can reduce the content of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
Paper. Has the function of sizing, coagulating to improve tear strength.
Textile. Finishing agent, sizing agent.
Petroleum. Has good rheological properties that improve stability, water retention, flow and liquid loss.
Paints. Anti-suspension agent, emulsifying dispersant, filmogen, thickener and binder.
Feed. Embedded in formula with carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate offers good compatibility with Xanthan gum.
Pharmaceutical. It functions as a superdisintegrator for all solid oral dosage forms. It has an ability to swell up to 280 - 320 times its original granule volume. It is an excipient especially used for wet or dry granulation and direct compression and can be incorporated in intra- or extra-granular mode. or both. It generally has a potato starch base. It is produced in two types: Type A with low viscosity and low residual solvent and Type B particularly suitable in strongly acidic drug formulations to maintain stability and resist acidic pH.
PVA. In some sectors it is a good substitute for polyvinyl alcohol.
Medicine. Sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS-Na), is a type of food additive with high degree of substitution and is also known as a prebiotic. This study finds that it can be used as an adjuvant in constipation (2).
Cosmetics
Binder agent. Ingredient that is used in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical products as an anti-caking agent with the function of making the product in which it is incorporated silky, compact and homogenous. The binder, either natural such as mucilage, gums and starches or chemical, may be in the form of a powder or liquid.
Emulsion stabiliser. Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable. Emulsion stabilisers improve the formation and stability of single and double emulsions. as well as their shelf-life. It should be noted that in the structure-function relationship, the molar mass of the ingredient used plays an important role.
Film-forming agent. It produces, upon application, a very thin continuous film with an optimal balance of cohesion, adhesion and stickiness on skin, hair or nails to counteract or limit damage from external phenomena such as chemicals, UV rays and pollution.
Viscosity control agent. It controls and adapts, Increasing or decreasing, viscosity to the required level for optimal chemical and physical stability of the product and dosage in gels, suspensions, emulsions, solutions.
Typical optimal characteristics of the commercial product Sodium carboxyl methylstarch
(1) Edwards CA, Xie C, Garcia AL. Dietary fibre and health in children and adolescents. Proc Nutr Soc. 2015 Aug;74(3):292-302. doi: 10.1017/S0029665115002335.
(2) Lu WD, Wu ML, Zhang JX, Huang TT, Du SS, Cao YX. The effect of sodium carboxymethyl starch with high degree of substitution on defecation. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 3;16(9):e0257012. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257012.
Sodium carboxymethyl starch CMS-Na 
Sodium
