N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) is an organic compound and is a monomer generally used in the production of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), better known as Povidone.

It occurs as a clear colorless liquid soluble in water and most organic solvents; partially miscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons 

What it is used for and where it is used

In the manufacture of copolymers with acrylic acid, acrylates, vinyl acetate and acrylonitrile, and in the synthesis of phenolic resins. As a reactive diluent for radiation curing in UV coating, UV inks and UV adhesives. In the production of water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with uses in petroleum, cosmetics, food additives and adhesives.

N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone studies

Typical optimal characteristics of the commercial product N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP)

• Molecular Formula: C₆H₉NO   (C₆H₉NO)n
• Molecular Weight: 111.144 g/mol
• UNII: 76H9G81541
• CAS: 88-12-0
• EC Number:   201-800-4  
• PubChem Substance ID 24899318
• MDL number MFCD00149016
• Beilstein Registry Number 110513
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID2021440     DTXSID0025941
• InChI=1S/C6H9NO/c1-2-7-5-3-4-6(7)8/h2H,1,3-5H2
• InChl Key      WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES    C=CN1CCCC1=O
• IUPAC 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one
• ChEBI  82551

Synonyms: 

• N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone
• NVP

References_______________________________________________

(1) Sanner AHF, Straub F. Polymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone: synthesis, characterization and uses. Polym J. 1985;17:143–152. doi: 10.1295/polymj.17.143.

(2 ) Yousaf AM, Naheed F, Shahzad Y, Hussain T, Mahmood T. Influence of sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone on disintegration and dissolution of stevia-loaded tablets. Polim Med. 2019;49(1):19–26. doi:10.17219/pim/111516

Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, effects.

Luss AL, Kulikov PP, Romme SB, Andersen CL, Pennisi CP, Docea AO, Kuskov AN, Velonia K, Mezhuev YO, Shtilman MI, Tsatsakis AM, Gurevich L. Nanosized carriers based on amphiphilic poly-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone for intranuclear drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2018 Apr 1;13(7):703-715. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0311. 

Abstract. Ability to deliver drugs into the cell nuclei can significantly increase the efficacy of cancer therapies, in particular in the case of multidrug-resistant cancer Results: Polymer nanocarriers based on amphiphilic thiooctadecyl-terminated poly-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were produced and loaded with a model hydrophobic drug, curcumin. 

Kuskov AN, Luss AL, Gritskova IA, Shtilman MI, Motyakin MV, Levina II, Nechaeva AM, Sizova OY, Tsatsakis AM, Mezhuev YO. Kinetics and Mechanism of Synthesis of Carboxyl-Containing N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone Telehelics for Pharmacological Use. Polymers (Basel). 2021 Aug 1;13(15):2569. doi: 10.3390/polym13152569. 

Abstract. Carboxyl-containing techelics of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were synthesized so that it can slow down the release of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin, from aqueous solutions, which can find its application in the pharmacological field.

Kulikov PP, Luss AL, Nelemans LC, Shtilman MI, Mezhuev YO, Kuznetsov IA, Sizova OY, Christiansen G, Pennisi CP, Gurevich L. Synthesis, Self-Assembly and In Vitro Cellular Uptake Kinetics of Nanosized Drug Carriers Based on Aggregates of Amphiphilic Oligomers of N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone. Materials (Basel). 2021 Oct 11;14(20):5977. doi: 10.3390/ma14205977.

Abstract. In this study we synthesized and characterized nanocarriers assembled from amphiphilic oligomers of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with a terminal thiooctadecyl group (PVP-OD).

Kızılbey K, Mansuroğlu B, Derman S, Mustafaeva Akdeste Z. An In vivo study: Adjuvant activity of poly-n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid on immune responses against Melanoma synthetic peptide. Bioengineered. 2018 Jan 1;9(1):134-143. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2017.1373529.

Abstract. The study was designed as both an experimental and an in vivo study. We prepared a complex and covalent conjugate of MAGE-3 121-134 (L-L-K-Y-R-A-R-E-P-V-T-K-A-E) T-cell epitope as a vaccine candidate for melanoma. These conjugates were able to generate an immune response in mice after a single immunization, without the help of any external adjuvant. 

Klemmer VA, Khera N, Siegenthaler BM, Bhattacharya I, Weber FE, Ghayor C. Effect of N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NVP), a Bromodomain-Binding Small Chemical, on Osteoblast and Osteoclast Differentiation and Its Potential Application for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 13;22(20):11052. doi: 10.3390/ijms222011052.

Abstract. NVP could prove useful as "osteopromotive substance" in situations where a high rate of bone regeneration is required, and in the management of bone diseases associated with excessive bone resorption, like osteoporosis.

Klepka T, Podkościelna B, Czerwiński D, Samujło B. The Influence of Silica Nanoparticles on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Hybrid Composites. Materials (Basel). 2021 Dec 3;14(23):7431. doi: 10.3390/ma14237431.

Abstract. This paper presents the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a new hybrid composite. Its main goals are evaluating the structure and studying the thermal and mechanical properties of the crosslinked polymeric materials based on varying chemical properties of the compounds.