Compendium of the most significant studies with reference to properties, intake, effects.
Tatara AM, Rozich AJ, Kontoyiannis PD, Watson E, Albert ND, Bennett GN, Mikos AG. Econazole-releasing porous space maintainers for fungal periprosthetic joint infection. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2018 May 11;29(5):70. doi: 10.1007/s10856-018-6073-1.
Abstract. While antibiotic-eluting polymethylmethacrylate space maintainers have shown efficacy in the treatment of bacterial periprosthetic joint infection and osteomyelitis, antifungal-eluting space maintainers are associated with greater limitations for treatment of fungal musculoskeletal infections including limited elution concentration and duration. In this study, we have designed a porous econazole-eluting space maintainer capable of greater inhibition of fungal growth than traditional solid space maintainers. The eluted econazole demonstrated bioactivity in a concentration-dependent manner against the most common species responsible for fungal periprosthetic joint infection as well as staphylococci. Lastly, these porous space maintainers retain compressive mechanical properties appropriate to maintain space before definitive repair of the joint or bony defect.
Díaz-Tomé V, Luaces-Rodríguez A, Silva-Rodríguez J, Blanco-Dorado S, García-Quintanilla L, Llovo-Taboada J, Blanco-Méndez J, García-Otero X, Varela-Fernández R, Herranz M, Gil-Martínez M, Lamas MJ, González-Barcia M, Otero-Espinar FJ, Fernández-Ferreiro A. Ophthalmic Econazole Hydrogels for the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis. J Pharm Sci. 2018 May;107(5):1342-1351. doi: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.028.
Abstract. Econazole is a feasible alternative treatment in the management of fungal keratitis. Nevertheless, its low water solubility is considered the main limitation to the incorporation into ophthalmic formulations. In this work, econazole nitrate is solubilized by using cyclodextrins to achieve an optimum therapeutic concentration....
Fleischer AB Jr, Raymond I. Econazole Nitrate Foam 1% Improves the Itch of Tinea Pedis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016 Sep 1;15(9):1111-4.
Abstract. ...The symptom of itch or pruritus was evaluated in two randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled, multicenter Phase III studies in which econazole foam was compared with foam vehicle in subjects with interdigital tinea pedis....
Mathivanan S, de la Torre-Martinez R, Wolf C, Mangano G, Polenzani L, Milanese C, Ferrer-Montiel A. Effect of econazole and benzydamine on sensory neurons in culture. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Dec;67(6):851-858.
Abstract. Econazole is an anti-mycotic agent widely used for the treatment of cutaneous fungal infections, and for the therapy of vaginal candidiasis. Topical application of this azole is generally safe, although some patients have complained of mild burning sensation/cutaneous irritation and itching, especially when administered intravaginally. The underlying mechanisms responsible of these adverse effects are poorly understood, though they suggest excitation of cutaneous nociceptor terminals. ...
Cogswell S, Berger S, Waterhouse D, Bally MB, Wasan EK. A parenteral econazole formulation using a novel micelle-to-liposome transfer method: in vitro characterization and tumor growth delay in a breast cancer xenograft model. Pharm Res. 2006 Nov;23(11):2575-85. doi: 10.1007/pl00022054.
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to develop a parenteral liposomal formulation of econazole, a poorly water-soluble compound not previously available in an intravenous form. We are investigating econazole as an anticancer agent based on its unique mechanism of action to which cancer cells are preferentially sensitive. An intravenous formulation of econazole was desired for preclinical toxicity and efficacy studies of econazole.
Neuberger A, Nadezhdin KD, Sobolevsky AI. Structural mechanisms of TRPV6 inhibition by ruthenium red and econazole. Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 1;12(1):6284. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26608-x.
Abstract. TRPV6 is a calcium-selective ion channel implicated in epithelial Ca2+ uptake. TRPV6 inhibitors are needed for the treatment of a broad range of diseases associated with disturbed calcium homeostasis, including cancers. Here we combine cryo-EM, calcium imaging, and mutagenesis to explore molecular bases of human TRPV6 inhibition by the antifungal drug econazole and the universal ion channel blocker ruthenium red (RR).
Bahl D, Daftardar S, Devi Bachu R, Boddu SHS, Altorok N, Kahaleh B. Evaluation of topical econazole nitrate formulations with potential for treating Raynaud's phenomenon. Pharm Dev Technol. 2019 Jul;24(6):689-699. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1578371.
Abstract. The purpose of this work was to design and characterize a topical formulation of econazole nitrate (EN) with potential for treating Raynaud's phenomenon (RP).
Econazole 
Imidazole
