Modulation of Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide Concentrations by Dietary Supplements and Pharmacological Agents: A Systematic Review.
Kalagi NA, Abbott KA, Alburikan KA, Alkofide HA, Stojanovski E, Garg ML.
Adv Nutr. 2019 May 10. pii: nmz012. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz012

Combined choline and DHA supplementation: a randomized controlled trial.
Bernhard W, Böckmann K, Maas C, Mathes M, Hövelmann J, Shunova A, Hund V, Schleicher E, Poets CF, Franz AR.
Eur J Nutr. 2019 Mar 11. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01940-7

Low availability of choline in utero disrupts development and function of the retina.
Trujillo-Gonzalez I, Friday WB, Munson CA, Bachleda A, Weiss ER, Alam NM, Sha W, Zeisel SH, Surzenko N.
FASEB J. 2019 May 15:fj201900444R. doi: 10.1096/fj.201900444R

Synthesis and characterization of choline-fatty-acid-based ionic liquids: A new biocompatible surfactant.
Ali MK, Moshikur RM, Wakabayashi R, Tahara Y, Moniruzzaman M, Kamiya N, Goto M.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 May 2;551:72-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.04.095.

Whole muscle 18F-choline uptake due to intense physical exercise.
García-Gómez FJ, Riva-Pérez PA, Agudo-Martínez A, Sabatel-Hernández G, Calvo-Morón MC.
Int Braz J Urol. 2019 Apr 10;45. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2018.0573.

Choline uptake is vital for IL-1β-driven inflammation.
Leake I.
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019 May 2. doi: 10.1038/s41584-019-0228-4.

The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Rashvand S, Mobasseri M, Tarighat-Esfanjani A.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2019 Apr 23:1-8. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745.

Choline Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis-The Metabolic and Clinical Impact.
Bernhard W, Lange R, Graepler-Mainka U, Engel C, Machann J, Hund V, Shunova A, Hector A, Riethmüller J.
Nutrients. 2019 Mar 18;11(3). pii: E656. doi: 10.3390/nu11030656.

Comparing the Staging/Restaging Performance of 68Ga-Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen and 18F-Choline PET/CT in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Lin CY, Lee MT, Lin CL, Kao CH.
Clin Nucl Med. 2019 May;44(5):365-376. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002526.

Higher Gestational Choline Levels in Maternal Infection Are Protective for Infant Brain Development.
Freedman R, Hunter SK, Law AJ, Wagner BD, D'Alessandro A, Christians U, Noonan K, Wyrwa A, Hoffman MC.
J Pediatr. 2019 May;208:198-206.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.12.010. Epub 2019 Mar 14

Choline (also known as Vitamin J), is a chemical substance, a basic constituent of lecithin and is often confused with B vitamins as it is very similar.

Choline protects the liver from fat accumulation and can help reduce LDL harmful cholesterol.

Choline studies

Molecular Formula: C₅H₁₄NO⁺

Linear Formula HOCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₃OH

Molecular Weight: 104.173 g/mol

UNII: N91BDP6H0X

CAS: 62-49-7  5413-08-1  139741-81-4  2087491-45-8

EC Number: 200-535-1

PubChem Substance ID 24857572

MDL number MFCD00002831

Synonyms:

• Choline ion
• Vitamin J
• Bilineurine
• Choline cation
• (2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium
• (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium
• 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium
• 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)ammonium
• 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-ethanaminium
• (beta-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium
• trimethylethanolamine
• N-trimethylethanolamine
• (2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethyl ammonium
• mono-2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium
• Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-
• N,N,N-trimethylethanol-ammonium
• Cholinum
• 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium