PEG-25 Moringa Glycerides is a chemical compound, alkyl glyceride, a mixture derived from PEG (PEG stands for Polyethylene glycol) from moringa oil mono- and diglycerides. The number appearing after the abbreviation PEG refers to mol of ethylene oxide and the higher this number is, the less it can penetrate the skin.

Since the PEG (Polyethylene glycol) family is very numerous and can be found in cosmetic, industrial, pharmaceutical, medical and other products, it is necessary to make an introductory statement on the subject, which is rather complex from a safety point of view because these products not only come into contact with the skin, but, as in the case of medical products, are ingested.

PEGs (polyethylene glycol) polymerise condensed ethylene oxide and water and are referred to as polyethylene glycols, but in reality they are complex chemical components, polymers bonded together. For example, plastic is polyethylene and has a hard consistency, while polyethylene combined with glycol forms a liquid. PEGylation is produced not only as etherification, but also as transesterification, which is the transformation of an alcohol by an ester. The number appearing after the abbreviation PEG refers to mol of ethylene oxide and the higher this number is, the less it can penetrate the skin.

Chemical Industrial Synthesis Process

• Glyceride Extraction. The process begins with the extraction of glycerides from Moringa Oleifera seed oil, using cold extraction or solvent extraction methods to obtain a glyceride-rich extract.
• Esterification Reaction. The extracted glycerides are then subjected to an esterification reaction with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of a specific molecular weight, in this case, PEG-25. This reaction creates an ester bond between the glycerides and PEG, resulting in PEG-25 Moringa Glycerides.
• Purification. After the esterification reaction, the product may contain impurities or by-products that need to be removed. Purification is carried out using techniques such as vacuum distillation or filtration to obtain a pure final product.
• Quality Control. PEG-25 Moringa Glycerides undergo quality control checks to verify its purity, chemical composition, and physical properties. These tests can include spectroscopic analyses, chromatographic analyses, and safety tests.

What it is used for and where

Cosmetics  INCI Functions

Skin conditioning agent - Emollient. Emollients have the characteristic of enhancing the skin barrier through a source of exogenous lipids that adhere to the skin, improving barrier properties by filling gaps in intercorneocyte clusters to improve hydration while protecting against inflammation. In practice, they have the ability to create a barrier that prevents transepidermal water loss. Emollients are described as degreasing or refreshing additives that improve the lipid content of the upper layers of the skin by preventing degreasing and drying of the skin. The problem with emollients is that many have a strong lipophilic character and are identified as occlusive ingredients; they are oily and fatty materials that remain on the skin surface and reduce transepidermal water loss. In cosmetics, emollients and moisturisers are often considered synonymous with humectants and occlusives.

Surfactant - Emulsifying agent. Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable. Emulsifiers have the property to reduce the oil/water or water/oil interfacial tension, improve emulsion stability and also directly influence the stability, sensory properties and surface tension of sunscreens by modulating their filmometric performance.

Safety

The term 'eth' refers to the ethoxylation process (reaction with ethylene oxide) after which residues of ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, chemical compounds considered carcinogenic, may remain in the final product. It depends on the degree of purity resulting from the completed reaction.

Medical

Traditionally, Moringa seeds have been used to treat edema, arthritis, epilepsy and other health problems.

Phytochemical analysis found beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, and polyphenols with antioxidant activity (1), lecithin with antibacterial activity (2), and the ethyl acetate fraction showed strong anti-inflammatory activity (3).

Commercial Applications

Cosmetics. Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to moisturize, protect, and rejuvenate the skin.

Purifying Products. Moringa seed extract has purifying qualities and can be used in water purification products and as a natural cleansing agent in cosmetics.

Nutrition. Moringa extract can be utilized as a dietary supplement due to its rich nutritive properties.

References_____________________________________________________________________

(1) Mahmood, K. T., Mugal, T., & Haq, I. U. (2010). Moringa oleifera: a natural gift-A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2(11), 775.

Abstract. Moringa oleifera, Lam {Syn M.pterygosperma Gaertn} usually mentioned in literature as Moringa, is a natural as well as cultivated variety of the genus Moringa belonging to family Moringaceae .It is one of the richest plant sources of Vitamins A ,B {1,2,3,6,7}, C,D,E and K. The vital minerals present in Moringa include Calcium, Copper, Iron, Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese and Zinc. It has more than 40 natural anti-oxidants. Moringahas been used since 150B.C. by ancient kings and queens in their diet for mental alertness and healthy skin. The leaves, pods, seeds, gums , bark and flowers of Moringa are used in more than 80 countries {including Pakistan} to relieve mineral and vitamin deficiencies, support a healthy cardiovascular system, promote normal blood-glucose levels, neutralize free radicals {thereby reducing malignancy}, provide excellent support of the body's anit-flammatory mechanisms, enrich anemic blood and support immune system. It also improveseyesight, mental alertness and bone strength. It has potential benefit in malnutrition, general weakness, lactatingmothers, menopause, depression and osteoporosis. It is also used to make an efficient fuel, fertilizer and livestock feed. Moringa is an edible extremely safe plant. Its tree could easily and cheaply be cultivated and grown in Pakistan.

(2) Moura MC, Napoleão TH, Coriolano MC, Paiva PM, Figueiredo RC, Coelho LC. Water-soluble Moringa oleifera lectin interferes with growth, survival and cell permeability of corrosive and pathogenic bacteria. J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Sep;119(3):666-76. doi: 10.1111/jam.12882.

(3) Arulselvan P, Tan WS, Gothai S, Muniandy K, Fakurazi S, Esa NM, Alarfaj AA, Kumar SS. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Moringa oleifera in Downregulating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages. Molecules. 2016 Oct 31;21(11):1452. doi: 10.3390/molecules21111452. 

Abstract. In the present investigation, we prepared four different solvent fractions (chloroform, hexane, butanol, and ethyl acetate) of Moringa oleifera extract to evaluate its anti-inflammatory potential and cellular mechanism of action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Cell cytotoxicity assay suggested that the solvent fractions were not cytotoxic to macrophages at concentrations up to 200 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction suppressed LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner and was more effective than the other fractions. Immunoblot observations revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction effectively inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators including cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, it upregulated the expression of the inhibitor of κB (IκBα) and blocked the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. These findings indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction of M. oleifera exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated macrophages via suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway.