CI 77004 is a chemical compound, a synthetic white dye composed predominantly of aluminium.
Chemical Name
- oxo-oxoalumanyloxy-[oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)silyl]oxysilane;dihydrate
CI 77004 is primarily extracted from natural deposits of kaolin and other clay minerals. Major sources include regions with significant geological kaolin formations such as China, the United States (particularly Georgia), Brazil, and the United Kingdom. The extraction process involves mining, followed by various beneficiation techniques like washing, centrifuging, and drying to produce the desired quality of the mineral.
Chemical Composition and Structure
CI 77004 belongs to the group of phyllosilicates, specifically within the kaolin-serpentine subgroup. Its chemical formula can be generalized as Al2Si2O5(OH)4. The structure is composed of silicate sheets linked by aluminum and hydroxyl groups, forming a layered silicate mineral. These layers are held together by hydrogen bonding, which contributes to its characteristic platy morphology.
Physical Properties
The mineral typically appears as a fine, white powder, though it can also present in various shades depending on impurities. It has a low specific gravity, generally ranging from 2.1 to 2.6, and exhibits a Mohs hardness of about 2 to 2.5. CI 77004 is known for its excellent covering power, opacity, and smooth texture, making it an ideal component in many formulations.
Chemical Industrial Synthesis Process
- Preparation of reagents. The main raw materials include natural hydrated aluminum silicate minerals, such as kaolin.
- Extraction. The production of CI 77004 begins with the extraction of kaolin minerals from mines. The raw kaolin is extracted from the earth using excavation or mining techniques.
- Cleaning and selection. The extracted kaolin is cleaned and selected to remove impurities such as sand, gravel, and organic materials. This process may include screening and washing with water.
- Dispersion. The cleaned kaolin is dispersed in water to form a slurry. Dispersion helps to further separate impurities and achieve a uniform particle distribution.
- Sedimentation and filtration. The slurry is allowed to settle so that the kaolin particles can deposit. The supernatant liquid is removed, and the settled kaolin is filtered to remove excess water.
- Classification. The filtered kaolin is classified based on particle size using cyclones or hydrocyclones. Fine particles are separated from coarser particles.
- Drying. The classified kaolin is dried at controlled temperatures to remove residual moisture and obtain a fine powder.
- Grinding. The dried kaolin is ground to obtain a fine and uniform powder.
- Stabilization. The CI 77004 powder is stabilized to ensure its stability during transportation and storage, preventing aggregation and degradation.
- Quality control. The CI 77004 undergoes rigorous quality testing to ensure it meets standards for purity and consistency. These tests include chemical analysis, spectroscopy, and physical tests to determine particle size and rheological properties.
A cosa serve e dove si usa
Cosmetica
Restricted cosmetic ingredient as IV/119 a Relevant Item in the Annexes of the European Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Substance or ingredient reported:
- Natural hydrated aluminium silicate, Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O, containing calcium, magnesium or iron carbonates, ferric hydroxide, quartz-sand, mica, etc. as impurities
Cosmetics - INCI Functions
- Colorant. This ingredient has the function of colouring the solution in which it is inserted in a temporary, semi-permanent or permanent manner, either alone or in the presence of the complementary components added for colouring.
Paper Manufacturing: The mineral is extensively used as a filler and coating agent in the paper industry. It improves the brightness, opacity, and printability of paper products.
Ceramics: CI 77004 is a crucial ingredient in the production of ceramics and porcelain. Its high plasticity and firing characteristics contribute to the quality and durability of ceramic goods.
Paints and Coatings: In paints, it serves as an extender and filler, enhancing the paint's durability, opacity, and texture.
Safety
The presence of aluminium casts some doubt on whether this ingredient is safe.
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Its natural origin and non-reactive nature make it an environmentally friendly option in various applications. However, dust generated during the handling and processing of the mineral should be managed to minimize inhalation risks.
Molecular Formula Al2H2O12Si4
Molecular Weight 258.16 g/mol
CAS 1302-78-9 1327-36-2 1332-58-7
EC number 215-108-5 215-475-1 310-194-1
Synonyms:
Aluminium silicate
Kaolin
Bentonite
CI 77004 
