E955 (Sucralose)  is a disaccharide derivative linked by a glycosidic bond, an organochlorine compound.

The name "sucralose" provides information about the nature of the compound:

• "Sucra-" comes from "sucrose", which is the technical name for table sugar. Sucralose is derived from sucrose by a treatment that replaces three of the hydroxyl groups in the sucrose molecule with chlorine atoms.
• "-lose" is a common suffix used in the names of sugars and sugar substitutes and indicates that sucralose is a type of sugar or sweetener.

The synthesis process takes place in several stages:

• Synthesis of the precursor. The process begins with sucrose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
• Chlorination. Sucrose is chlorinated by replacing three of the hydroxyl groups of the molecule with chlorine atoms. A chlorination agent such as phosphorus oxychloride is generally used in the presence of an appropriate organic solvent.
• Purification. The raw sucralose is then purified to remove the unreacted sucrose and other by-products. This may involve processes such as crystallization, filtration, and chromatography.

It appears as a white crystalline powder

What it is used for and where

Sucralose is a derivative of chlorinated sucrose. It is about 600 times sweeter than sugar, but has no calories because the human body does not metabolize it. This makes it a popular sweetener for dietary foods and beverages. It is also heat stable, so it can be used in cooking and cooking. As with other artificial sweeteners, the safety of sucralose has been the subject of research and debate.

Food

It is a synthetic sweetener and is labelled as E955 in the European food additives table.

Cosmetics

Flavoring agent. The purpose of this ingredient is to modify the solution to add flavour. Natural flavouring extracts are rather expensive, so the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries resort to synthesised substances that have sensory characteristics mostly similar to natural flavourings or are naturally equivalent. This ingredient is isolated through chemical processes or is synthesised from chemicals.

Studies

The concentration of Sucralose in food has an FDA-approved acceptable daily intake (ADI) limit of 0.1 mg/ml in humans: 15mg/kg/day (1).

In this study, however, unlike Acesulfame K, another sweetener, Sucralose, at maximum ADI levels, influenced the relative amount of Clostridium XIVa cluster in faecal microbiome and cholesterol metabolism in laboratory animals (2).

Pregnant and lactating women, children, diabetics, migraine and epilepsy patients represent the population susceptible to the adverse effects of products containing NNS (non-nutritive sweeteners) and should use these products with caution. 

The general use of NNS remains controversial and consumers should be fully informed about the potential risks of their use, based on current evidence-based dietary guidelines. An 11-12 year follow-up study in the UK showed that consuming 2 or more servings of soft drinks containing NNS increased the risk of coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease (3).

In the USA it is called Splenda.

"Sucralose non Carcinogenicity"

• Molecular Formula    C₁₂H₁₉Cl₃O₈
• Molecular Weight  397.63
• CAS   56038-13-2

Synonyms.

• 1',4,6'-Trichlorogalactosucrose
• 1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside
• EINECS 259-952-2
• PubChem Substance ID 329761543
• EC Number: 259-952-2
• Beilstein Registry Number: 3654410
• MDL number: MFCD03648615
• 4,1 ', 6'-trichloro-4,1', 6'-trideoxy-galacto-sucrose
• Trichlorosucorose 

References______________________________________________________________

(1) Bian X, Chi L, Gao B, Tu P, Ru H, Lu K. Gut Microbiome Response to Sucralose and Its Potential Role in Inducing Liver Inflammation in Mice. Front Physiol. 2017 Jul 24;8:487. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00487.

(2) Uebanso T, Ohnishi A, Kitayama R, Yoshimoto A, Nakahashi M, Shimohata T, Mawatari K, Takahashi A.  Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.  Nutrients. 2017 Jun 1;9(6). pii: E560. doi: 10.3390/nu9060560

(3) Nonnutritive sweeteners: current use and health perspectives: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association.

Gardner C, Wylie-Rosett J, Gidding SS, Steffen LM, Johnson RK, Reader D, Lichtenstein AH, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young., American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2012 Aug; 35(8):1798-808.