Pelargonium Graveolens Oil, also known as Geranium Oil, is an essential oil extracted from the leaves and stems of the Pelargonium graveolens plant. It is valued in cosmetics and personal care products for its aromatic, therapeutic, and skin-beneficial properties. The oil is widely used for its balancing, soothing, and antimicrobial effects.

Chemical Composition and Structure:
Pelargonium Graveolens Oil contains several key compounds, including:

Essential Oils: Predominantly geraniol, citronellol, and linalool, which give the oil its distinctive floral fragrance and contribute antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and soothing effects.
Monoterpenes: Such as limonene and pinene, which have additional antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
Sesquiterpenes: Including caryophyllene, which provides anti-inflammatory and analgesic benefits.

These compounds form complex molecular structures that contribute to the oil’s functional and aromatic characteristics.

Physical Properties:

Appearance: Typically a clear to pale yellow liquid.
Odor: Exhibits a fresh, floral, and slightly rosy scent characteristic of geranium.
Solubility: Soluble in oils and alcohol; generally insoluble in water.

Production Process:

Harvesting: The leaves and stems of Pelargonium graveolens are collected.
Extraction: The essential oil is extracted using steam distillation, which involves passing steam through the plant material to release the essential oil.
Purification: The extracted oil is purified to remove impurities and concentrated to enhance its aroma and efficacy.
Formulation: The purified oil is incorporated into various cosmetic and personal care products, such as perfumes, creams, and lotions.

Applications:

Cosmetics: Used in skincare products, perfumes, and aromatherapy for its pleasant scent and therapeutic properties.
Skincare: Beneficial for balancing oily skin, soothing irritation, and providing antimicrobial protection.
Haircare: May be included in hair products to improve scalp health and add fragrance.

Environmental and Safety Considerations:

Environmental Impact: The environmental impact of producing Pelargonium Graveolens Oil is relatively low compared to some other essential oils. Sustainable harvesting and production practices are recommended to minimize environmental effects.
Safety: This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, essential oils should be used with caution, as they can cause irritation in sensitive individuals. Individuals with allergies to Geraniaceae family plants should be cautious.

Cosmetic safety

Restricted cosmetic ingredient as III/364 a Relevant Item in the Annexes of the European Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Substance or ingredient reported: Pelargonium graveolens oil. The presence of the substance shall be indicated in the list of ingredients referred to in Article 19(1), point (g), when its concentration exceeds: — 0,001 % in leave-on products — 0,01 % in rinse-off product.

INCI:


Fragrance. It plays a very important role in the formulation of cosmetic products as it provides the possibility of enhancing, masking or adding fragrance to the final product, increasing its marketability. It is able to create a perceptible pleasant odour, masking a bad smell. The consumer always expects to find a pleasant or distinctive scent in a cosmetic product.

Perfuming. Unlike fragrance, which can also contain slightly less pleasant or characteristic odours, the term perfume indicates only very pleasant fragrances. Used for perfumes and aromatic raw materials.
Synonyms:

CAS: 90082-51-2 EC number 290-140-0