Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a complex copolymer that combines natural and synthetic components. It consists of Gelatins, polymers formed with L-lysine and poly(2-propenamide), and a quaternized ammonium compound, hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropanaminium chloride. This copolymer is designed for enhanced conditioning, film-forming, and moisturizing properties, making it particularly suitable for use in hair and skin care products.

Chemical Composition and Structure

The chemical composition of this copolymer includes:

Gelatins: Naturally derived proteins that provide structural support and moisture-binding properties.
L-Lysine: An essential amino acid that interacts with gelatin to form polypeptide chains, enhancing the biocompatibility and functionality of the copolymer.
Poly(2-propenamide) (Polyacrylamide): A synthetic polymer that contributes to the copolymer's film-forming and thickening properties.
Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropanaminium chloride: A quaternized ammonium compound that imparts cationic properties to the copolymer, improving its conditioning effects by interacting with negatively charged surfaces like hair and skin.

The structure of Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a complex network where natural proteins and synthetic polymers are interconnected. The presence of the quaternized ammonium group further enhances the polymer's affinity for biological surfaces, making it highly effective in cosmetic formulations.

Physical Properties

Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride typically appears as a viscous liquid or gel-like substance. It has strong film-forming capabilities and can bind moisture, providing a smooth and conditioned feel on skin and hair. The cationic nature of the polymer allows it to adhere well to negatively charged surfaces, offering long-lasting conditioning effects. The polymer is water-soluble and can form stable, clear solutions in aqueous environments.

Production Process

The production of Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride involves several steps:

Gelatin and L-Lysine Polymerization: Gelatin is first reacted with L-lysine to create a biocompatible polypeptide structure.
Polyacrylamide Formation: Poly(2-propenamide) is synthesized through free radical polymerization of acrylamide monomers.
Quaternization: The hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropanaminium chloride is prepared through a quaternization reaction, introducing a permanent positive charge to the polymer.
Combination: The gelatin/lysine polymer, polyacrylamide, and quaternized ammonium compound are combined to form the final copolymer, ensuring a uniform distribution of components and the desired molecular structure.

Applications

Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is primarily used in the following applications:

Hair Care Products: Due to its conditioning and film-forming properties, it is widely used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments to improve softness, manageability, and shine.
Skin Care Products: It is used in lotions, creams, and serums for its moisturizing and protective effects, providing a smooth and hydrated skin feel.
Personal Care Formulations: The polymer's ability to enhance product texture and stability makes it a popular ingredient in various personal care products, including body washes and hand creams.

Environmental and Safety Considerations

Gelatin/Lysine/Polyacrylamide Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is generally regarded as safe for cosmetic use when formulated correctly. The natural gelatin and L-lysine components are biodegradable and pose minimal environmental risks. However, the synthetic polyacrylamide and quaternized ammonium components may persist in the environment if not disposed of properly. Proper waste management and disposal practices are essential to minimize environmental impact. In terms of safety, the polymer is non-irritating and non-sensitizing when used at recommended concentrations, but care should be taken to avoid excessive exposure to the raw monomers during production.

Cosmetic safety

Restricted cosmetic ingredient as III/66 a Relevant Item in the Annexes of the European Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Substance or ingredient reported: Polyacrylamides. Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation: Body leave-on products, maximum residual acrylamide content 0.1mg/kg. Other products, maximum residual acrylamide content 0.5mg/kg.

INCI


Antistatic agent. Static electricity build-up has a direct influence on products and causes electrostatic adsorption. The antistatic ingredient reduces static build-up and surface resistivity on the surface of the skin and hair.

Hair conditioning agent. A significant number of ingredients with specific and targeted purposes may co-exist in hair shampoo formulations: cleansers, conditioners, thickeners, matting agents, sequestering agents, fragrances, preservatives, special additives. However, the indispensable ingredients are the cleansers and conditioners as they are necessary and sufficient for hair cleansing and manageability. The others act as commercial and non-essential auxiliaries such as: appearance, fragrance, colouring, etc. Hair conditioning agents have the task of increasing shine, manageability and volume, and reducing static electricity, especially after treatments such as colouring, ironing, waving, drying and brushing. They are, in practice, dispersants that may contain cationic surfactants, thickeners, emollients, polymers. The typology of hair conditioning agents includes: intensive conditioners, instant conditioners, thickening conditioners, drying conditioners. They can perform their task generally accompanied by other different ingredients.
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