Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder is a natural ingredient derived from the ground leaves of the mangosteen tree (Garcinia mangostana), a tropical plant known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The leaf powder is rich in bioactive compounds, such as xanthones, that help protect the skin from oxidative damage and promote overall skin wellness. Due to its healing and protective properties, it is widely used in cosmetic formulations and skincare products.

Chemical Composition and Structure

Itcontain a variety of bioactive compounds, including xanthones, flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins, which give the powder its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Xanthones, such as alpha-mangostin, are among the primary compounds that provide protection against free radicals and help maintain skin health. These chemical compounds have a complex structure that allows them to neutralize free radicals and reduce inflammation.

Physical Properties

The powder has a light green or brown color with a fine texture. It is water-soluble and easily incorporated into various cosmetic formulations. Thanks to its antioxidant properties, the powder helps preserve the skin from environmental damage while enhancing cell regeneration and overall skin appearance.

Production Process

The powder is produced by drying and grinding Garcinia Mangostana leaves. This drying process helps preserve the nutrients and bioactive compounds found in the leaves. Once dried, the leaves are finely ground into a powder that can be used in various skincare products.

• Harvesting the Leaves: Leaves of Garcinia mangostana are harvested from mature plants. It is important to collect the leaves sustainably to preserve the quality and biodiversity of the plant.

• Drying: After harvesting, the leaves are cleaned and subjected to a drying process to remove moisture. This step is crucial for preserving the active properties and facilitating subsequent grinding.

• Milling: The dried leaves are then ground into a fine powder using mills or grinders. This process allows for a uniform consistency and enhances the bioavailability of the active compounds present in the leaves.

• Filtration: The resulting powder may be sifted to remove larger particles and achieve a finer powder, if necessary.

• Quality Control and Packaging: Garcinia mangostana leaf powder undergoes quality control checks to verify its purity, composition, and compliance with standards. After analysis, it is packaged for distribution and use in dietary supplements and cosmetic products.

Applications

• Skincare: Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder is used in facial masks, creams, and lotions for its ability to protect the skin from oxidative damage and enhance skin regeneration. It is ideal for skin that requires antioxidant and regenerative treatments.

INCI Functions:

Skin conditioning agent -  Humectant. Humectants are hygroscopic substances used to minimise water loss in the skin and to prevent it from drying out by facilitating faster and greater absorption of water into the stratum corneum of the epidermis. The epidermis is the most superficial of the three layers that make up the human skin (epidermis, dermis and hypodermis) and is the layer that maintains hydration in all three layers. In turn, the epidermis is composed of five layers: corneum, the most superficial, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum and basale. Humectants have the ability to retain in the stratum corneum the water they attract from the air and have the function of moisturising the skin. It is better to use them before emollients that are oil-based.

Skin protectant. It creates a protective barrier on the skin to defend it from harmful substances, irritants, allergens, pathogens that can cause various inflammatory conditions. These products can also improve the natural skin barrier and in most cases more than one is needed to achieve an effective result.

Humectant. Hygroscopic compound used to minimise water loss in the skin and to prevent it from drying out by facilitating faster and greater absorption of water into the stratum corneum of the epidermis.  The epidermis is the most superficial of the three layers that make up human skin (epidermis, dermis and hypodermis) and is the layer that maintains hydration in all three layers. In turn, the epidermis is composed of five layers: horny, the most superficial, granular, spinous, shiny, and basal. Humectants have the ability to retain the water they attract from the air in the stratum corneum and have the function of moisturising the skin. They are best used before emollients, which are oil-based.

CAS: 90045-25-3     289-884-9

• Anti-inflammatory Products: Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, the powder is used in soothing products to calm irritation and reduce skin inflammation.

• Antimicrobial Products: The natural antimicrobial effects of the powder make it ideal for use in products aimed at preventing skin infections and maintaining healthy, clear skin.

Health and Safety Considerations

Safety in Use
Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder is considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products. It is well tolerated by the skin and does not typically cause irritation. Major regulatory authorities, such as the European Union and the FDA, approve its use in cosmetic formulations.

Allergic Reactions
Allergic reactions to Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder are rare, but as with any natural ingredient, a patch test is recommended for sensitive skin before use.

Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
Thanks to its antioxidant properties, it is considered safe and beneficial for long-term use in cosmetic products.

Environmental Considerations
Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder is a natural and biodegradable product derived from a renewable resource. The sustainable harvesting of mangosteen leaves ensures that the process is environmentally responsible and eco-friendly.

Regulatory Status
Garcinia Mangostana Leaf Powder is approved for use in cosmetic products by major regulatory authorities, including the European Union and the FDA in the United States. It is commonly used in skincare formulations due to its antioxidant and regenerative properties.

References__________________________________________________________________________

Shan T, Ma Q, Guo K, Liu J, Li W, Wang F, Wu E. Xanthones from mangosteen extracts as natural chemopreventive agents: potential anticancer drugs. Curr Mol Med. 2011 Nov;11(8):666-77. doi: 10.2174/156652411797536679. 

Abstract. Despite decades of research, the treatment and management of malignant tumors still remain a formidable challenge for public health. New strategies for cancer treatment are being developed, and one of the most promising treatment strategies involves the application of chemopreventive agents. The search for novel and effective cancer chemopreventive agents has led to the identification of various naturally occurring compounds. Xanthones, from the pericarp, whole fruit, heartwood, and leaf of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn., GML), are known to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacologic properties, including antioxidant, anti- tumor, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral activities. The potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities of xanthones have been demonstrated in different stages of carcinogenesis (initiation, promotion, and progression) and are known to control cell division and growth, apoptosis, inflammation, and metastasis. Multiple lines of evidence from numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that xanthones inhibit proliferation of a wide range of human tumor cell types by modulating various targets and signaling transduction pathways. Here we provide a concise and comprehensive review of preclinical data and assess the observed anticancer effects of xanthones, supporting its remarkable potential as an anticancer agent.

Barua A, Choudhury P, Mandal S, Panda CK, Saha P. Therapeutic potential of xanthones from Swertia chirata in breast cancer cells. Indian J Med Res. 2020 Sep;152(3):285-295. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1153_18.

Abstract. Background & objectives: Medicinal plants like Swertia chirata are rich sources of different xanthones. This study was aimed to assess the cytotoxic potential of four most abundant xanthones present in S. chirata both in vivo and in vitro in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), a mouse transplantable breast carcinoma cell line and two human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231).....Results: Among all the xanthones tested XD showed IC50at the lowest dose, and normal cells were unaffected at this dose. Survivability of mice increased significantly when treated with XD compared to other xanthones and cisplatin. Significantly increased ROS and LPO were found in cancer cells as a result of XD treatment which was unaltered in normal cell line. XD induced DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Interpretation & conclusions: Our experimental data indicate that XD may potentially act as a chemotherapeutic agent by enhancing ROS in breast cancer cells thereby leading to apoptosis.

Feng Z, Lu X, Gan L, Zhang Q, Lin L. Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis. Molecules. 2020 Jan 30;25(3):598. doi: 10.3390/molecules25030598.

Abstract. Inflammation is the body's self-protective response to multiple stimulus, from external harmful substances to internal danger signals released after trauma or cell dysfunction. Many diseases are considered to be related to inflammation, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches include mainly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids, which are generally of limited effectiveness and severe side-effects. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Xanthones, a unique scaffold with a 9H-Xanthen-9-one core structure, widely exist in natural sources. Till now, over 250 xanthones were isolated and identified in plants from the families Gentianaceae and Hypericaceae. Many xanthones have been disclosed with anti-inflammatory properties on different models, either in vitro or in vivo. Herein, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of xanthones with anti-inflammatory properties, and analyzed their drug likeness, which might be potential therapeutic agents to fight against inflammation-related diseases.

Nauman MC, Johnson JJ. The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana): Defining the anticancer potential of selected xanthones. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Jan;175:106032. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106032. 

Panda SS, Chand M, Sakhuja R, Jain SC. Xanthones as potential antioxidants. Curr Med Chem. 2013;20(36):4481-507. doi: 10.2174/09298673113209990144. 

Klein-Júnior LC, Campos A, Niero R, Corrêa R, Vander Heyden Y, Filho VC. Xanthones and Cancer: from Natural Sources to Mechanisms of Action. Chem Biodivers. 2020 Feb;17(2):e1900499. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201900499.